What are the different types of immunoglobulin therapy?
Immunoglobulin (LG) Therapy is used to treat conditions related to the immune system. In a healthy body, the immune system produces specialized proteins called immunoglobulins or antibodies. The function of these proteins is to fight infections. Three primary types of immunoglobulin therapy are autoimmune therapy, immunodeficiency therapy and inflammatory therapy. In addition, immunoglobulin therapy can also be used to treat serious acute infections.
Immunoglobulins are glycoprotein molecules that are made of white blood cells. These proteins, which circulate throughout the bloodstream, act as antibodies and attack antigens by binding. Antigens are foreign substances in the body that cause immunological response, such as bacteria, viruses, toxins, fungi and cancer cells.
One type of immunoglobulin therapy is used to treat autoimmune disorders. These disorders cause the body's immune system to accidentally attack and destroy healthy cells rather than antigens. There are more than 80Types of autoimmune disorders, including Addison's disease, dermatomyositis, multiple sclerosis and grave disease. When this state exists, the body is unable to attack and destroy the present antigens. Immunodeficiency disorders are hypogammaglobulinemia, Panhypogamaglobulineamia and Bruton's disease.
Treatment of inflammatory diseases is a different type of immunoglobulin therapy. These diseases, which are autoimmune nature, occur when the body mistakenly evoke an inflammatory response in the absence of any antigens. This reaction can cause painful and debilitating inflammation, usually around the joints. Examples of inflammatory diseases including rheumatoid arthritis, tendinitis, bursitis, minor arthritis and polymyalgic rheumatic rheumatic.
intravenous (IV) infusions are the primary means of administration of immunoglobulin therapy. These IV consist of other immunoglobulins that have been taken from the giftCovic blood. One dose may contain immunoglobulins from 3,000-10,000 donors. Although immunoglobulin therapy was originally administered through intramuscular injections, research has found that infusions are a more effective means to achieve treatment.
There are three primary types of immunoglobulins: immunoglobulin-G (LGG), immunoglobulin-A (LGA) and immunoglobulin-m (LGM). Immunoglobulin infusions usually consist of more than 95 % of immunoglobulin-G. These antibodies are the smallest and most abundant antibodies that include 75 to 80 percent of the antibodies. Immunoglobulin-G proteins are found in all body fluids and are considered the most important immunoglobulins to combat bacteria of aviro infections.
Two other types of immunoglobulin are less than 5 percent of typical infusions. Immunoglobulin-a is primarily found in places where body tissues are often exposed to antigens such as nose, airways, eyes and ears. They are also found in the digestive tract, saliva, tears and vaGina. Immunoglobulin-M is found in blood and lymphatic fluids and is the first antibody produced in response to infections.
The common side effects of immunoglobulin therapy occur in less than 5 percent of patients. These symptoms often include flushing, headaches, chills, dizziness and sweating. They may also include leg cramps, muscle pain, back pain and low blood pressure. It is common for the patient to experience some pain on the site of infusion.
The most serious risk associated with immunoglobulin therapy is a serious and systemic allergic reaction called anaphylactic shock. This life -threatening life can bring brotening problems, confusion, unfortunate speech, hives, rashes and itching. This can lead to low blood pressure, shock and reduced consciousness levels.
Severe allergic reactions have been found to occur in approximately one of every 500-1,000 patients. These reactions are usually associated with LGA deficiency patients who have increased sensitivity to immunoglobulin-a.The use of immunoglobulin infusions impoverished LGA may reduce the risk in these patients.