What is Norwood's procedure?

The Norwood procedure is a type of cardiac surgery that connects one chamber with a system circulation. It is mainly performed in patients with a hypoplastic left heart syndrome, mitral atresia and other cardiac conditions that create the circulation of one ventricle. It is known that this style of cardiac surgery is complicated and is often performed in infants with a hypoplastic left heart syndrome during the first week of life.

William Norwood and his colleagues for the first time developed the Norwood procedure at the end of the 70s. This technique has been improved in the following decades, but the basic components of surgery remain the same. The Norwood procedure is one of the most frequently performed heart surgery in infants with a hypoplastic left heart syndrome - in which the left half of the heart is insufficiently developed - and statistics state that surgery has 75% survival rate. The paddle is usually to be expanded to support a healthier blood flow, whichje prováděno pomocí tkáně z pacienta nebo zvířecí tkáně. Je implementována trubice nebo zkrat a spojuje aortu s plicní tepnou, krevní cévou, která poskytuje krev plic. Během operace je to průtok krve do srdce zastaven přibližně jednu hodinu.

Série tří operací se provádí za účelem léčby syndromu hypoplastického levého srdce, z něhož je Norwoodský postup první. Druhá operace spojuje omezený počet žil ze zbytku těla k žilám, které transportují krev do plic. In the third and last operation, known as the fontan procedure, the remaining veins are attached, which were not connected during the second operation.

The

procedure of Norwood was also successful in the treatment of mitral atresyia, a heart disease in which the mitral valve of the heart is significantly narrowed. Vzhledem k vážné povaze těchto podmínek je jedinou životaschopnou alternativou k postupu Norwoodu transplantace srdce. Ukázalo se, že obě operace jsou úspěšné při léEating questions of the circulation of one chamber.

Restoration from the Norwood procedure is usually a lengthy and unpredictable process. Most patients will remain in the hospital three to four weeks after surgery. While the procedure can repair a healthier blood flow to and from the heart, patients who have undergone it must still take heart medicines and regular monitoring of their condition.