What Is Warfarin Sodium?

Warfarin sodium tablets, the indication is suitable for patients who need long-term continuous anticoagulation: (1) can prevent the formation and development of thrombus, and is used to treat thromboembolic diseases; (2) the treatment of venous thrombosis after surgery or trauma Formation and can be used as an adjuvant drug for myocardial infarction; (3) patients who have had thromboembolic disease and those at risk of postoperative thrombotic complications can be given preventive medication.

Warfarin sodium tablets, the indication is suitable for patients who need long-term continuous anticoagulation: (1) can prevent the formation and development of thrombus, and is used to treat thromboembolic diseases; (2) the treatment of venous thrombosis after surgery or trauma Formation and can be used as an adjuvant drug for myocardial infarction; (3) patients who have had thromboembolic disease and those at risk of postoperative thrombotic complications can be given preventive medication.

Drug Name

Warfarin sodium tablets

Drug type

Prescription medicines, essential medicines, medicines for medical workers' injuries

Use classification

Coumarins

Warfarin sodium tablets ingredients

Chemical name: 3- (-acetonylbenzyl) 4-hydroxycoumarin Chemical formula:

Molecular formula: C ₁₉ H ₁₅ NaO ₄
Molecular weight: 330.31

Warfarin sodium tablets

This product is a sugar-coated tablet, which appears white after removing the coating.

Warfarin sodium tablets specifications

2.5mg

Warfarin sodium tablets dosage

Oral, commonly used amount for adults: Avoid shock therapy, orally take 3 to 4 mg on the first 1 to 3 days (half the amount for elderly and diabetic patients), and give a maintenance amount of 2.5 to 5 mg a day after 3 days (refer to clotting time to adjust the dose Make the INR value 2 to 3). Due to the slow onset of effect, due to the inhibition of plasma anticoagulant cells in the first 3 days of treatment, there may be a transient hypercoagulable state. If immediate anticoagulation is required, heparin can be applied at the same time, and the anticoagulant effect can be fully exerted Heparin should be discontinued later.

Adverse effects of warfarin sodium tablets

Overdose can easily cause various bleeding. Early manifestations include ecchymosis, purpura, bleeding gums, epistaxis, wound bleeding that persists, and excessive menstrual flow. Bleeding can occur anywhere, especially the urinary and digestive tracts. Intestinal wall hematoma can cause subacute intestinal obstruction, and subdural intracranial hematoma and puncture site hematoma can also be seen. Occasional adverse reactions include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, pruritic rash, allergic reactions and skin necrosis. A large amount of oral administration even shows bilateral breast necrosis, microangiopathy or hemolytic anemia, and large-scale skin gangrene; it is particularly dangerous to take too much at one time.

Warfarin sodium taboo

Liver and kidney dysfunction, severe hypertension, coagulopathy with bleeding tendency, active ulcers, trauma, threatened abortion, and recent surgery are forbidden. Disabled during pregnancy. The elderly or menstrual period should be used with caution.
Vitamin K deficiency and cerebrospinal, ophthalmic surgery and pregnant women for various reasons.

Precautions for warfarin sodium tablets

(1) Strictly grasp the indications, and do not abuse this product when there are no conditions for prothrombin measurement.
(2) Individual differences are large. The condition should be closely observed during treatment, and the dosage should be adjusted according to the prothrombin time INR value. During treatment, oral mucosa, nasal cavity, subcutaneous hemorrhage, occult blood in the stool, hematuria, etc. should be closely observed. Unnecessary surgical operations should be avoided during medication. The elective surgery should be discontinued for 7 days, and emergency surgery needs to correct the PTINR value 1.6 Avoid overwork and injury-prone activities.
(3) If mild bleeding occurs or the prothrombin time has been significantly prolonged to more than 2.5 times normal, the dose should be reduced or discontinued immediately. Severe bleeding can be intravenously injected with vitamin Kl 10-20mg to control bleeding, and if necessary, whole blood, plasma or prothrombin complex can be transfused.
(4) Because this strain acts indirectly as an anticoagulant, it has a long half-life, and the effect can be stabilized after 5 to 7 days of administration. Therefore, it is necessary to observe after 5 to 7 days to determine whether the maintenance amount is sufficient.

Warfarin sodium tablets for pregnant and lactating women

(1) Easy to pass through the placenta and cause teratogenicity. The use of this product during pregnancy can cause "fetal warfarin syndrome", the incidence can reach 5% to 30%. Presented as epiphyseal separation, nasal hypoplasia, optic nerve atrophy, mental retardation, heart, liver, spleen, gastrointestinal tract, head and other deformities. Application in late pregnancy can cause bleeding and stillbirth, so this product is contraindicated in the first 3 months of pregnancy and in the third month of pregnancy. Pregnant women with hereditary thromboembolism can be given a small dose of heparin when receiving this product and undergo strict experimental monitoring.
(2) A small amount of warfarin can be secreted by breast milk. The lactating women take 5 to 10 mg daily. The blood drug concentration is generally 0.48 to 1.8 g / ml. The drug concentration in breast milk and infant plasma is extremely low, which has little effect on infants.

Warfarin sodium tablets for children

The dosage should be adjusted according to the needs of the individual.

Warfarin sodium tablets for elderly

The elderly should be used with caution, and the dosage should be appropriately reduced and individualized.

Warfarin sodium tablets drug interactions

Drugs that enhance the anticoagulant effect of this product are: aspirin, sodium salicylate, glucagon, quinidine, indomethacin, baotaxine, quinine, uric acid, metsulfuron, metronidazole, Allopurinol, erythromycin, chloramphenicol, certain aminoglycoside antibiotics, cephalosporins, benzodarone, cimetidine, clobetin, dextrothyroxine, acetaminophen, etc.
Drugs that reduce the anticoagulant effect of this product: phenytoin sodium, barbiturates, oral contraceptives, estrogen, cholestyramine, rifampicin, vitamin K, chlorthalidone, spironolactone, chlorphenone, corticosteroids, etc. .
Drugs that cannot be used in combination with this product: epinephrine hydrochloride, amikacin, vitamin B12, m-hydroxylamine, oxytocin, chlorpromazine hydrochloride, vancomycin hydrochloride, etc.
This product is used in combination with chloral hydrate, its efficacy and toxicity are enhanced, and it should be used with caution. Vitamin K absorption disorders or reduced synthesis also affect the anticoagulant effect of this product.

Warfarin sodium overdose

This experiment was not performed and there are no reliable references.

Warfarin sodium tablets pharmacology and toxicology

This product is a biscoumarin medium-effect anticoagulant. Its mechanism of action is to compete against vitamin K, inhibit the synthesis of coagulation factors in hepatocytes, and reduce the thrombin-induced platelet aggregation response, so it has anticoagulant and antiplatelet aggregation functions.

Pharmacokinetics of warfarin sodium tablets

Oral gastrointestinal absorption is rapid and complete, and bioavailability is as high as 100%. After absorption, the binding rate with plasma proteins reaches 98% to 99%, and it can penetrate the placenta, and it is rarely found in breast milk. It is mainly accumulated in the lungs, liver, spleen and kidneys. Metabolized by the liver, metabolites are excreted by the kidneys. Effective after 12 to 18 hours after taking the drug, the peak of anticoagulation is reached from 36 to 48 hours, and it is maintained for 3 to 6 days. The t _{1/2 is} about 37 hours.

Warfarin sodium tablets storage

Shaded and sealed.

Warfarin sodium tablets packaging

Aluminum plastic packaging, 20 pieces / version, 4 plates / box.

Warfarin Sodium Tablets

24 months.

Warfarin sodium tablets

"Chinese Pharmacopoeia" 2010 edition two. ^[1]