What Are the Adductor Muscles?

The deepest muscle in the lateral group of the hand muscle. This muscle is located on the deep side of the flexor hallucis longus and flexor hallucis longus muscles, starting from two heads: the oblique head, starting from the skull, and the transverse head, starting from the front of the skull and third metacarpal. Stop at the ulnar side of the base of the first phalanx of the thumb and its child bones. This muscle is innervated by the ulnar nerve and contracts and flexes the thumb when contracted.

The deepest muscle in the lateral group of the hand muscle. This muscle is located on the deep side of the flexor hallucis longus and flexor hallucis longus muscles, starting from two heads: the oblique head, starting from the skull, and the transverse head, starting from the front of the skull and third metacarpal. Stop at the ulnar side of the base of the first phalanx of the thumb and its child bones. This muscle is innervated by the ulnar nerve and contracts and flexes the thumb when contracted.

Chinese name

Adductor hallis

Foreign name

OperativeTreatmentforContractureofAdductorPollicis

Indication

Internal muscle contracture causes thumb adduction external rotation deformity

Pinyin

mushouji

Adductor hallucis muscle

The morphology of the gap between the transverse and oblique heads of the adductor hallucis

The deep branch of the ulnar nerve is accompanied by the ulnar arteriovenous vein, and it passes through the space between the transverse and oblique heads of the adductor hallucis muscles into the merman muscle on the proximal side of the palm and the shallow palm. The transverse adductor of the thumb adducts from the volar side of the third metacarpal; the oblique head starts from the flexor support band and the flexor carpal flexor leg sheath. Some specimens had arched fibrous structures between the transverse and oblique heads of the adductor hallucis. The shape of the arched fiber structure is different, there are mainly two types: l-shaped film-shaped, accounting for 71.43%; l-shaped fiber-shaped, accounting for 28.57%.

Adductor halluxis

1. There are two heads at the starting point of the adductor hallucis muscle, namely the transverse head and the oblique head. There is a narrow gap between them, and the deep branch of the ulnar nerve just passes through it. If it is damaged here, it can cause ulnar nerve deep branch entrapment syndrome, symptoms such as awkward weakness of the affected side, atrophy of the thumb adductor muscle, and other symptoms.

2. Anatomical mechanism of the ulnar nerve entrapment sign at the thumb adductor tendon arch: After the deep branch of the ulnar nerve is emitted from the main trunk of the ulnar nerve, it travels from the proximal side of the palm to the flexion side and reaches the base of the third metacarpal bone with deep palm The arch branch passes through the gap between the transverse and oblique heads of the hallux iliac crest and enters the big fish. It mainly controls the adductor hallucis, the first interosseous volar muscle, the first and second interosseous dorsi muscles, and the short hallucis flexor. . At the starting point of the adductor hallucis, the ulnar nerve passes through a narrow area, and the deep branch of the ulnar nerve passes through 43.75% of the fiber arched structure between the transverse and oblique heads, which is the healthy arch of the adductor hallucis. The deep branch of the ulnar nerve at this site is deeper, so direct damage is rare, but the following conditions can damage the ulnar nerve: The ulnar nerve passes between the fibers of the arch of the thumb adductor key, that is, the ulnar nerve is surrounded by fibrous tissue. Chronic palm injury, trauma stimulation, edema of surrounding tissues, rupture and bleeding of deep palm branch. Tumors and cysts appear at the arch of the thumb adductor key.

Adductor hallux muscle related diseases and treatment

1. Hallux Valgus Deformity (HVD) is a common foot disease that can cause pain and discomfort at the hallux metatarsophalangeal joints and obvious valgus deformity. In severe cases, it can significantly affect the aesthetics of the affected foot and affect the patient's work and life. This disease is more common in women, with a male to female ratio of about 1:40. In the modern era of pursuing a high-quality life, how to effectively correct hallux valgus deformity and alleviate the suffering of patients has become an issue that orthopedists must face.

2. The cause of hallux valgus: Normal people have a square forefoot and a pointed triangle high heeled leather shoes. This kind of shoes has poor elasticity, and its compression causes external rotation of the toe and internal rotation of the small toe, which causes the long extensor tendon without a strong tendon sheath to slide to the outside of the toe. Its contraction has a bowstring effect on the toe and increases the hallux valgus. The main force of deformity. The normal hallux has a mild valgus, and the lines of force of the adductor hallucis and brachial extensor muscles are outside the axis of the metatarsophalangeal joint. These muscles are tense and will pull the hallux out, while the medial hallux is opposed to the muscles. Only the abductor hallucis and the medial head of the abductor hallucis and short flexor hallucis are weak. When wearing high heels, move your foot forward. In order to maintain the stability of the metatarsophalangeal joint and sacroiliac joint, the intrinsic muscle of the foot is strengthened to contract. The compression of the front of the shoe limits the effect of the abductor hallucis, while the contraction of the adductor of the thumb adductor and the lateral flexor of the thumb Enlargement, pulling the hallux toe produces valgus deformity. The internal muscles of the foot are strained for a long time, causing strain and flattening the transverse arch of the forefoot, which is also the reason why hallux valgus is easy to occur.

3. Surgical methods:

Surgery is performed from two incisions. The first incision is located on the outer side of the metatarsophalangeal joint on the back of the thumb and is about 4 to 5 cm in length. Cut the skin and subcutaneous tissues, taking care not to damage the cutaneous nerve of the thumb on the dorsal side of the long extensor tendon. Separate to the blunt depth, find the thumb adductor combined tendon stop on the base of the proximal phalangeal base of the toe, lift it apart, and cut off from the stop. After the contracture of the lateral joint capsule and surrounding tissues is released, the bleeding is stopped and the wound is sutured. Then, around the inside of the metatarsophalangeal joint of the thumb, bypass the skin of the bursa, and make an arc-shaped incision protruding toward the dorsal side at the front edge, with a length of about 4-5 cm. After incision of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, pull the dorsal tibial cutaneous nerve and the accompanying vein to the outside, free the bursal wall inside the 1st metatarsal head, remove the bursal tissue as much as possible, and press the joint capsule on the pedicle. The distal "U" flap was incised and turned distally to reveal the proliferated osteophytes of the metatarsal head, which caused the subluxation of the thumb to the fibular side, and the metatarsal head was removed proximally from the cartilage groove of the tibial joint The medial hyperplasia osteophytes, after the edge is flattened, the joint capsule fascial flap is tightened proximally to make the thumb toe gently 0 ~ 5 ° and sutured with the proximal periosteal, suture and cover the wound, and place the gauze pad on the first Between 1, 2 toes, the gauze thickness is to maintain the hallux varus 0 to 5 ° as the standard. Then use bandages to maintain fixation. Walk 2 to 3 weeks after surgery.