What is Glomerulus?

Glomerulus, plural glomeruli, is an extremely small blood vessels connected to filtering blood to form urine. Inside the kidneys there are many glomeruli, each contained in the capsule known as Bowman's capsule. Blood at high pressure passes into the glomerulus through a small artery. Water and soluble waste products are filtered from the blood through the leaking walls of the glomerulus and enter the space inside the Bowman capsule before draining the pipe called the renal tube, into the bladder. The remaining blood leaves glomerulus through another small artery to reconnect to the general circulation. Normally, the speed of glomerular filtration is so effective that the entire blood volume passes through the kidneys in about five minutes. The small artery supplying glomerulus is called afferent arteriole, and is divided into numerous small containers or capillaries to create a capillary tuft that is a glomerulus. The blood pressure inside the glomerulus is relatively high and helps to push blood from the capillaries. The capillary walls are full of minute pores by which DIt is about filtration.

Bowman's capsule has two walls with space between them. One wall fits firmly around the glomerular capillaries and serves as another layer through which the blood is filtered. This wall consists of special cells called podocytes, with projections similar to the finger that record each other to form filter slots. The blood must pass through these slots and filter pores in glomerular capillaries; This helps to prevent large molecules from going into space in Bowman's capsule. Podocytes also help hold the glomerular structure together and prevent it from expanding from response to high -pressure indides.

glomerular diseases where glomerulululi are inflicted or scarred, usually causes problems with filtration. Glomeruli may include a wide range of diseases, including HIV and diabetes. The glomerular filter usually becomes more permeable, resulting in loss of protein and blood tocan. Removing waste products may not be as effective, which leads to the fact that they will be built in the blood. Symptoms may include foam and pink urine and swollen ankles or hands.

The treatment of glomerular disease depends on specific diseases, but if the glomerular tissue damage is so large that the kidneys fail, patients will need dialysis. Dialysis may include blood filtering through a machine known as hemodialysis or a membrane in the abdomen known as peritoneal dialysis. There may also be the possibility of kidney transplantation.