What is the biosynthesis of fatty acids?
Biosynthesis of fatty acids is a process by which the body converts acetyl-coa and malonyl-coa into fatty acids. The length of the process may depend on whether the fatty acid is equal or branched and how long it is. The process occurs outside mitochondria in cytosol or cytoplasm of the cell. In fact, this process is the opposite of degradation of fatty acids. Such organic compounds come in two forms: saturated and unsaturated. The saturated fatty acid has only individual electron bonds between each carbon atoms. Unsaturated fatty acid will have one or more double or triple bonds between any two carbon atoms. Fatty acids are taken from adipose tissue and converted into acetyl-coa to form energy for a cell in a citric acid cycle.
The first step of fatty acid biosynthesis is to convert pyruvate into acetyl-coa. Acetyl-CoA is a molecule used to carry the atoms of the VDO Mitochondria cell atoms. It is an important part of cellular breathing. In OPAlthough the process is transported by acetyl-coa carbon atoms back from mitochondria. Pyruvát is located in mitochondria.
Malonyl-Coa is a derivative of coenzyme A and is formed during fatty acid biosynthesis when acetyl-coa molecule is added a carbon dioxide molecule (CO2). It is used to extend the carbon chain of fatty acid during fatty acid biosynthesis, but can also be used to transport alpha-cetoglutarate to mitochondria and is an important element of biosynthesis of polypeptide. Adding a carbon dioxide molecule to acetyl-CoA is an irreversible process.
The formation of fatty acid of direct chain during fatty acid biosynthesis is similar to oxidation during a cycle of citric acid. The molecule passes through the four -speed process of condensation, reduction, dehydration and reduction. Each completion of the cycle adds two carbon atoms to the molecule. The process is repeated continuously until the molecule becomes 16-carbonic acidU Palmitova. Each phase of the process is performed by an enzyme called fatty acid synthase.
In the following stage of fatty acid biosynthesis, palmityl-coa acid is transformed into a palmityl-coa. This is done using the enzymatic system in the cytoplasm of the cell. Unsaturated fatty acids are synthesized by coaa decutory acids that produce double bonds. Each double binding is created at the point of the string specific to the fatty acid produced, and each of these bonds is produced by an enzyme specific to this place.