What is the science of Earth?

Earth science is a scientific study of our planet, Earth. It includes all sciences that focus on Earth, and uses physics, geology, geography, meteorology, mathematics, chemistry and biology. Earth sciences generally recognize four "spheres" of Earth's studio: lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere and biosphere, corresponding to rocks, water, air and life. Sometimes the cryosphere is considered a clear part of the hydrosphere and the pedosphere (soil) is considered to be a subgroup of the lithosphere.

The science of Earth has created many simple but important facts about the composition of our planet. One of the significant sets of facts is the relative chemical amount of our air (78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 1% water vapor, 0.93% argon, 0.03% carbon dioxide, 0.002% of others) and bark (consisting mainly of oxides, including 60 silica or sand). The Earth scientists accurately measured the diameter of our planet (12,756 km or 7,926 miles) and weights (5,9736 × 10 ^{24 kg). They also measured the path of the Earth around the Sun and its consequences for seasonal temperature changes and the beginningabout.}

An important part of the Make -up Earth is its biosphere or the whole life of the Earth. Earth sciences regularly study the relationship between the biosphere and the rest of the planet, especially the atmosphere. Plants regularly convert atmospheric carbon dioxide into oxygen, while animals do the opposite. The current atmosphere rich in the Earth's oxygen has been created by billions of years, when photosynthesis developed for the first time. Photosynthesis produces oxygen as a by -product. The development of photosynthesis was such an important chemical event for the Earth's atmosphere that it was called - oxygen disaster, because the massive release of oxygen was toxic to many organisms that existed at that time on the planet.

One more significant findings of the Earth science were in the 1950s, when it was proven that continents were large rock panels hovering under the liquid cloak below. This is now known as plate tectonics and the scientists of the country have foundthat in points in the distant past of the country, all continents were merged into one supercontinent known as Panga. This is important from the perspective of paleontology: if all countries of the Earth were densified on a single continent, the interior of the continent would be subjected to such temperature extremes that it would be difficult to survive a complicated life.