What Is Nitric Oxide?

Nitric oxide is a nitrogen oxide compound with the chemical formula NO, the relative molecular weight is 30.01, and the valence of nitrogen is +2. It is a colorless, odorless gas that is difficult to dissolve in water. Because nitric oxide has free radicals, this makes it very active in chemistry. When it reacts with oxygen, it can form a corrosive gas-nitrogen dioxide (NO2), which can react with water to form nitric acid. The equation is: 3NO2 + H2O == 2HNO3 + NO.

In 1980, a scientist completed a well-designed experiment and published a paper based on it. This is not a big deal, but it is a big deal for nitric oxide.

1. Reference value for calculation of hydrophobic parameters (XlogP): 0.2

2. Number of hydrogen-bonded donors: 0

3. Number of hydrogen bond acceptors: 1

4. Number of rotatable chemical bonds: 0

5. Number of tautomers: none

6. Topological molecular polar surface area: 18.1

7, the number of heavy atoms: 2

8. Surface charge: 0

9. Complexity: 2

10. Number of isotope atoms: 0

11. Determine the number of atomic stereocenters: 0

12. Uncertain number of atomic stereocenters: 0

13. Determine the number of chemical bond stereocenters: 0

14. Uncertain number of chemical bond stereocenters: 0

15. Number of covalent bond units: 1 ^[2]

1. Used in oxidation and chemical vapor deposition processes in semiconductor production, and used as a standard gas mixture for atmospheric monitoring. Also used in the manufacture of nitric acid and silicone oxide film and carbonyl nitrosyl. It can also be used as a bleaching agent for rayon and a stabilizer for propylene and dimethyl ether. Supercritical solvents. Used in the manufacture of nitric acid, nitroso carboxyl compounds, and bleaching of rayon. It is used in medical clinical experiments to aid diagnosis and treatment, as a stabilizer for organic reactions.

2. Stabilizer for making nitric acid, rayon bleach, propylene and dimethyl ether. ^[2]

Clinical application

NO is a gas at room temperature, and its fat solubility is one of the possible factors that make it a messenger molecule in the human body. It does not need any intermediary mechanism to quickly spread through the biofilm and transfer the information produced by a cell to the cells around it. The main influencing factor is its

1. Acute toxicity data: LC50 inhaled by rats: 1068 mg / m ³ / 4H; LCLo inhaled by mice: 320ppm; LCLo inhaled by mammal dogs: 5000 ppm / 25M.

2. Other multi-dose data: TCLo inhaled by rats: 50 mg / m ³ / 6H / 7W-I; TCLo inhaled by rats: 3 mg / m ³ / 24H / 16D-C; TCLo by mice: 10 ppm / 2H / 30W-I.

3. Mutagenic data: bacteria-Salmonella typhimurium: 30 ppm; rats inhaled 27 ppm / 3H (continuous) mutations in mammalian somatic cells; rodent-hamster fibroblasts 10 ppm mutations in mammalian somatic cells.

4. It is a blood poison that transforms oxygenated hemoglobin into denatured hemoglobin and causes cyanosis, which causes paralysis and spasm in the brain. In mild poisoning, symptoms can disappear when removed to fresh air. Because nitric oxide quickly turns into nitrogen dioxide in the air, the latter is also toxic to the human body, and has stimulating and corrosive effects on lung tissue, causing pulmonary edema. Chronic effects are mainly manifested as neurasthenia syndrome and chronic respiratory inflammation. Individual pulmonary fibrosis occurs. In addition, tooth erosion can occur.

5. Nitric oxide can cause central nervous system paralysis and spasm. Nitrous oxide absorbed by a person can rapidly oxidize to toxic nitrogen dioxide. The symptoms of poisoning are the same as those of nitrogen dioxide. The maximum allowable concentration of nitrogen monoxide in the air (converted to nitrogen dioxide) is 0.15 mg / m ^{3 in} residential areas and 5 mg / m ^{3 in} workplaces.

6. Acute toxicity, LC50: 1068mg / m ³ (rat inhalation, 4h).

7. Mutagenicity: Microbial mutagenicity: Salmonella typhimurium 30ppm. Mammalian somatic mutations: Rats inhaled 27 ppm (continuous, 3 h). ^[2]

Regulations and Regulations on the Safety Management of Chemical Dangerous Goods ^[9] , Implementing Rules of the Regulations on the Safety Management of Chemical Dangerous Goods (Hua Lao Fa [1992] No. 677), Regulations on the Safe Use of Chemicals in the Workplace ([1996] Labor Department No. 423) and other regulations ^[10] , corresponding provisions have been made for the safe use, production, storage, transportation, loading and unloading of dangerous chemicals; the classification and marking of commonly used hazardous chemicals (GB 13690-92) classify this substance as Class 2.3 toxic Gas; In the classification, classification, and article number (GA 57-93) of highly toxic substances, the liquefied or compressed product of this substance is classified as the first class A grade inorganic highly toxic drugs.