Why do the genome size differ in different organisms?
The size of the genome varies in different organisms for reasons that are not entirely known to modern science. In many cases, the size of the genome is freely correlated with complexity, but there are many remarkable exceptions. For example, some bacteria and many plant species have greater genomes than humans. The term often used interchangeably with the size of the genome is "C-value". This is an abbreviation for the word "constant", a reference to the fact that the size of the genome between individuals of the same kind is roughly constant. The question of why some simple organisms have large genomes is called "C-value" in biology.
The discovery of "junk DNA" or non-coding DNA at the beginning of the 70s. Junk DNA non -matters for proteins, and although there is recent evidence that it can regulate how genes turn on and off, do not contribute almost as much biological complexity as part of the DNA that contains real genes. If you are responsible for unhealthy DNA, the number of genes in the body roughly correlates with what we would intuitiveThey called biological complexity.
The easiest answer to the question of the relationship between the size of the genome and the type of organism is that there is no relationship. The size of the genome varies greatly between the same category of the body; For example, in animals there is a dispersion of 3,300 and in ground factors of about 1,000 and between up to 300 000.
The size of the genome is measured in two ways: by weight, picograms and steam of basic pairs in millions of bases or megabase. The human genome contains about 3,000 megabase, but only 1.5% of the genome actually encodes real genes. Chicken genome contains about 1300 megabase. Clam has about 3,200, just like mice. Some frogs for 6,500 megabase, more than twice the size of the human genome. Ladybug has about 300 megabases. It is impossible to guess the size of the organism genome by just looking at it if you no longer have previous knowledge of the answer.