What Is the Difference Between Non-Tenure and Tenure Track Faculty?

Teacher qualification is the country's most basic requirement for staff specializing in education and teaching. The teacher qualification system is a specific occupational permit system implemented by the state for teachers. Many countries in the world have strict regulations on teacher qualification standards, and many countries have established teacher license systems or teacher qualification certificate systems. On September 10, 2012, the Shanghai Municipal Education Commission stated that the qualifications of teachers in primary and secondary schools in Shanghai will no longer be tenured after the first registration. In addition, Beijing's teacher qualifications will no longer enjoy a "lifetime system" and will be replaced by a five-year time limit.

Teacher qualifications

Teacher qualification is the country's most basic requirement for staff specializing in education and teaching.

Teacher qualification is the basic requirement of the state for teaching staff who specialize in education. It is also a prerequisite for citizens to obtain teacher positions and engage in teacher work. The teacher qualification system is a teacher professional license system implemented by the state. "

Subjects for the National Qualification Examination for Teachers: Kindergarten exams of "Comprehensive Quality" and "Knowledge and Ability of Preserving Education"; elementary school exams of "Comprehensive Quality" and "Education and Teaching Knowledge and Ability"; middle school exams of "Comprehensive Quality" and "Educational Knowledge and Ability" And Subject Knowledge and Ability.

The Provincial Examination Teacher Qualification Examination mainly tests pedagogy and psychology courses. However, some provinces also need to test teachers' professional ethics, education policies and regulations, subject professional quality, education methods, basic qualities and abilities of education and teaching, and teaching methods. The specific examination content is detailed in the relevant regulations of the local education administrative department or entrusted higher education institutions.

Requirements and process of lectures for teacher qualification examination

After the question is drawn, the lecture draft is to be written on the spot, and the manuscript paper is distributed to it. The writing time is 90 minutes. The word count of the lecture draft must be more than 1,200 words.

The lesson time is less than 15 minutes, and points will be deducted if necessary.

After speaking, the expert group asked interview questions based on the speaking situation and the content of the test project, and the applicant responded.

Interview questions should be no less than 2 and the time should not exceed 5 minutes.

After the interview, conduct a trial session.

The lecture includes:

Position and role of textbooks

Teaching objectives and determination basis

Teaching focus, difficulties and determination basis

The main points to be examined during the lecture:

Development and organic integration of curriculum resources

Mental Adjustment Method Guidance

Knowledge Construction Method Guidance

Choice and basis of teaching methods

Flexible teaching methods and the effectiveness of promoting student development

Reasonable selection and effective use of various teaching methods

Create problem scenarios, stimulate interest and explore

Active participation of students and harmonious interaction between teachers and students

Good at tightening teaching points and effectively breaking through teaching difficulties

Close to the reality of production and life, embody the theory and practice

Focus on processes and methods, develop innovation and practical ability

Valuing immediate feedback and advocating developmental evaluation

Guide students' meaning to construct knowledge structure

New educational ideas and high theoretical literacy

The teaching is natural and friendly, the language is clear and infectious, and the basic teaching skills are solid

Educational wit and outstanding teaching personality

Supplement: Examination subjects in 2013

Provincial Examination Subjects for the 2013 Teacher Qualification Examination (Except for the following provinces, the examination subjects in other provinces are pedagogy, educational psychology, and Mandarin):

· 1. Shanxi Province: Pedagogy, Educational Psychology, Teacher Professional Ethics

· 2. Guangxi Province: Pedagogy, Psychology, and Subject Teaching

· 3. Shanghai: Pedagogy, Psychology, and Educational Methods

· 4. Heilongjiang Province: the basic qualities and abilities of pedagogy, psychology, education and teaching

· 5. Chongqing: Pedagogy, Psychology, Education Laws and Regulations,

All Chinese citizens who have not reached the national legal retirement age at the end of the year of registration, have the qualifications required by the Teachers Law and are willing to work as teachers, can apply for and recognize kindergartens, primary schools, junior high schools,

On March 9, 2019, the 2019 National Teacher Qualification Examination will be conducted. ^[2]

In June 2012, teacher education standards were introduced, establishing the three principles of "child-oriented", "practical orientation", and "lifelong learning." The reformed normal curriculum will focus on improving teachers' practical ability. The focus of teachers' work must be changed from "church knowledge" to "teaching students to learn knowledge", which is the so-called "giving them fishing." The new teacher professional standards and curriculum standards require teachers to be more than just "teachers". Teachers respect children's right to learn and speak equally with students. Therefore, the new standard requires teachers to study the education objects (students) and eliminate the "no one else" education method.

Minister of Education Yuan Guiren attended the seminar on free education for teachers and teachers and innovation in teacher education, saying that China should further improve the relevant policies on teacher education, innovating teacher training models, gradually establishing teacher education standard systems, researching and improving teacher qualification standards, etc. Explore.

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Primary and secondary school teacher qualifications are subject to periodic registration for a period of 5 years, and each registration period completes no less than 360 training hours specified by the state or equivalent credits provided by the provincial education administrative department.

On the eve of Teacher's Day in 2012, the Shanghai Education Commission came to know that, starting from 2012, Shanghai primary and secondary school teacher qualifications will no longer be tenured after the first registration. It is understood that in the future, the qualifications of teachers in Beijing will no longer enjoy the "lifetime system" and will be replaced by a five-year time limit.

On September 9, 2012, the Beijing Municipal Education Commission stated that it had received relevant documents from the Ministry of Education and that Beijing would also implement a regular certification and registration system for teacher qualifications in the future to gradually break the lifelong system of teacher qualifications. Wu Wu, director of the Personnel Division of the Beijing Municipal Education Commission, said that Beijing has not formally studied the specific implementation plan because it has just received the documents from the Ministry of Education. He said that the specific operating details need to be studied because the situation is different in different places.

China's current teacher qualification system has been implemented for more than ten years. Once a teacher's qualification has been acquired for life, he can enter or leave, which hinders the overall development of the teacher team to a certain extent. Establish a regular registration system for teacher qualifications, which will break the "lifetime system" of teacher qualifications, and allow outstanding talents who are willing to teach, have the ability to teach and love education to teach for a long time, and teach for life; through the normal teacher withdrawal mechanism, clean up jobs that are not suitable for education Personnel, to achieve "the best ones to teach."

according to"

Teacher Qualification Regulations

Teacher Qualification Regulations

(Promulgated by Decree No. 188 of the State Council on December 12, 1995)

Chapter One

General

Article 1 In order to improve the quality of teachers and strengthen the construction of teachers, these regulations are formulated in accordance with the Teacher Law of the People's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as the Teacher Law).

Article 2: Chinese citizens who specialize in education and teaching in schools and other educational institutions at all levels shall obtain teacher qualifications in accordance with law.

Article 3 The education administration department of the State Council is in charge of the qualification work of teachers nationwide.

Chapter two

Classification applicable

Article 4 Teacher qualifications are divided into:

(1) qualifications of kindergarten teachers;

(2) qualifications of primary school teachers;

(3) Qualifications for teachers of junior high schools and teachers of cultural courses and professional courses in junior vocational schools (collectively referred to as junior high school teacher qualifications);

(4) qualifications of teachers in senior middle schools;

(5) Qualifications of teachers in secondary professional schools, technical schools, vocational senior middle school culture courses, and professional courses (hereinafter collectively referred to as the qualifications of teachers in secondary vocational schools);

(6) Qualifications of secondary professional schools, technical schools, and vocational senior high schools (hereinafter referred to as the qualifications of secondary professional schools);

(7) Qualifications of teachers in colleges and universities.

Teacher qualifications for adult education are determined in accordance with the level of adult education and in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph.

Article 5 Citizens who have obtained qualifications for teachers may serve as teachers in various schools and other educational institutions at or below this level; however, citizens who have obtained the qualifications for internship instructors in secondary vocational schools may only be employed in secondary professional schools, technical schools, Vocational high schools or junior vocational schools serve as trainee instructors. The qualifications of teachers in senior middle schools and teachers in secondary vocational schools are common.

third chapter

Qualifications

Article 6 The qualification requirements for teachers shall be implemented in accordance with the provisions of Article 10, paragraph 2 of the Teachers Law, where "the ability to teach and teach" shall include the physical conditions for education and teaching in accordance with state regulations.

Article 7 The corresponding academic qualifications required to obtain teacher qualifications shall be implemented in accordance with the provisions of Article 11 of the Teachers Law.

To obtain the qualifications of internship instructors in secondary vocational schools, they should have the academic qualifications prescribed by the education administration department of the State Council, and should have equivalent technical titles as assistant engineers or above, or workers with intermediate or higher technical grades.

Chapter Four

qualification exam

Article 8 Citizens who do not have the qualifications for teachers required by the Teachers Law shall apply for teacher qualifications and pass the teacher qualification examinations organized or recognized by the state.

Article 9 Subjects, standards and examination outlines for teacher qualification examinations shall be reviewed and approved by the education administration department of the State Council.

The preparation of examination papers for teachers' qualification examinations, examination work and the issuance of test score certificates belong to kindergarten, elementary, junior high school, senior high school, secondary vocational school teacher qualification examinations and secondary vocational school internship teacher qualification examinations. The government education administrative department organizes and implements it; if it is a teacher qualification examination for a higher education institution, it shall be organized and implemented by a higher education institution commissioned by the education administration department of the State Council or the education administration department of the people s government of a province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government.

Article 10 The qualification examinations for teachers in kindergartens, primary schools, junior middle schools, senior middle schools, secondary vocational schools, and secondary vocational school internship teacher qualification examinations are conducted once a year.

If you take the teacher qualification examination listed in the preceding paragraph and all the subjects pass, you will be issued a certificate of qualification for the teacher qualification examination. Subjects that failed the exam that year can be retaken in the next year; if you still have one or more subjects that fail the retest, You should retake the exam for all exam subjects.

Article 11 Qualification examinations for teachers in institutions of higher education are held as required.

Those who apply for the qualification examination for teachers in colleges and universities shall have expertise and be recommended by two professors or associate professors in related majors.

chapter Five

Qualification

Article 12 Citizens who have the qualifications required by the Teachers Law or have passed the teacher qualification examination may apply for recognition of their teacher qualifications in accordance with the provisions of these regulations.

Article 13 The qualifications of teachers in kindergartens, primary schools and junior high schools shall be determined by the education administrative department of the county-level people's government where the applicant's household registration is located or where the applicant teaches. The qualifications of teachers of senior high schools shall be examined by the education administrative department of the county-level people's government where the applicant's household registration is located or where the applicant teaches a school, and report to the higher education administrative department for confirmation. The qualifications of teachers in secondary vocational schools and the qualifications of internship instructors in secondary vocational schools shall be reported to the higher education administrative department or organized by relevant departments.

Colleges and universities entrusted by the education administration department of the State Council or the education administration department of the people's government of the province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government shall be responsible for determining the qualifications of teachers of colleges and universities for those who serve in this school and those who are proposed to be employed.

Qualifications of teachers and staff of institutions of higher learning who are not entrusted by the education administration department of the State Council or the education administration department of the people s government of the province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government shall be determined by the education administration department of the State Council or by the school according to the administrative affiliation of the school. The education administrative department of the people's government of the local province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government has recognized it.

Article 14 In order to determine the qualification of a teacher, an application shall be made by himself.

The administrative department of education and the entrusted higher education institutions accept applications for teacher qualification certification each spring and autumn. The specific acceptance period shall be prescribed by the education administrative department or the entrusted higher education institution, and shall be announced in an appropriate form. The applicant shall file an application within the prescribed acceptance period.

Article 15 To apply for the qualification of a teacher, an application form for the qualification of a teacher and the following certificates or materials shall be submitted:

(1) proof of identity;

(2) Qualification certificate of academic qualification or teacher qualification examination;

(3) Medical examination certificate issued by the education administrative department or the hospital designated by the entrusted higher education institution;

(4) Appraisal and certification materials of the sub-district office, township people's government or work unit where the household registration is located, the graduated school, etc. on their ideological character, criminal records, etc.

If the certificate or materials submitted by the applicant are incomplete, the education administration department or the entrusted higher education institution shall promptly notify the applicant to make up before the termination of the acceptance period.

The application form for teacher qualification certification shall be uniformly formatted by the education administration department of the State Council.

Article 16 Teacher qualification certificates apply nationwide. Teacher qualification certificates are uniformly printed by the education administration department of the State Council. Citizens who have not graduated from a normal university or who have passed the teacher qualification examination apply for recognition of kindergarten, elementary school, or other teacher qualifications, they should conduct interviews and trial lectures to examine their education and teaching capabilities; according to actual conditions and needs, the education administration department or entrusted higher education Schools may require applicants to take courses in pedagogy and psychology.

The education administration department or the entrusted higher education institution shall examine the applicant's conditions after receiving the application for citizenship teacher qualification certification; if the qualification conditions are met, the corresponding teacher qualification shall be issued within 30 days from the termination of the acceptance period Certificate; for those who do not meet the qualification requirements, they shall notify me of the conclusion of the certification within 30 days from the termination of the acceptance period.

Article 17 Citizens who have obtained teacher qualifications who intend to obtain teacher qualifications in higher-level schools or other educational institutions shall pass the corresponding teacher qualification examinations or obtain the corresponding academic qualifications provided by the Teachers Law, and shall be qualified in accordance with the provisions of this chapter. Corresponding teacher qualification certificates shall be issued by the administrative department of education or entrusted institutions of higher learning.

Chapter Six

Penalties

Article 18 If a teacher is disqualified in accordance with the provisions of Article 14 of the Teachers Law, the teacher's qualification cannot be obtained again, and his teacher qualification certificate shall be collected by the education administrative department of the people's government at or above the county level.

Article 19 Under any of the following circumstances, the education administrative department of the people's government at or above the county level shall revoke its teacher qualification:

(1) Fraudulent or deceiving teacher qualifications;

(2) Poor conduct, insulting students, and bad influence.

If a teacher's qualification is revoked, he shall not re-apply for a teacher qualification within 5 years from the date of revocation, and his teacher qualification certificate shall be collected by the education administrative department of the people's government at or above the county level.

Article 20 If there is cheating in taking the teacher qualification examination, the examination results will be invalidated, and the teacher qualification examination shall not be taken again within 3 years.

Article 21 If the propositional personnel and other relevant personnel of the teacher qualification examination violate the confidentiality requirements and cause the leakage of test questions, reference answers and scoring standards, they shall be investigated for legal responsibility.

Article 22 In the event of neglect of duty and malpractices in the qualification of teachers, and causing losses to the qualification of teachers, administrative sanctions shall be imposed by the administrative department of education in accordance with law; if a crime is constituted, criminal liability shall be investigated in accordance with law.

Chapter VII

Supplementary clause

Article 23 These Regulations shall become effective on the date of promulgation.

Teacher qualification notice

Notice of the Ministry of Education on Expanding the Pilot Reform of Primary and Middle School Teacher Qualification Examinations and Regular Registration System

Teacher Letter [2013] No. 2

Education Departments (Education Committees) of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government, Education Bureau of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps:

In order to thoroughly implement the outline of the education plan and the "State Council's Opinion on Strengthening the Construction of Teachers" (Guo Fa [2012] No. 41), to build a high-quality professional teacher team, based on the overall work arrangements of our ministry and the willingness of provinces to reform, decide Further expand the scope of pilot examinations for primary and secondary school teacher qualifications and regular registration reforms. On the basis of six provinces including Hebei, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Hubei, Guangxi, and Hainan, four provinces including Shanxi, Anhui, Shandong, and Guizhou have been added as pilot provinces. Please add a new pilot province to take part in primary and secondary school teacher qualification examinations starting in the second half of 2013. At the same time, select a prefecture-level city to carry out regular registration trials of primary and secondary school teacher qualifications. The original pilot provinces should continue to improve the organization and implementation of teacher qualification examinations for primary and secondary schools. At the same time, the pilot registration area for periodic registration of primary and secondary school teacher qualifications should be appropriately expanded and gradually implemented in the province (district, city).

In January 2019, the General Office of the Ministry of Education, the Secretary of the Taiwan Work Office of the CPC Central Committee, and the Secretary and Administrative Division of the Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office of the State Council jointly issued a notice on issues related to Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan residents applying for primary and secondary school teacher qualifications in the Mainland (Mainland). Residents of Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan who study, work and live in the Mainland (Mainland), who abide by the Constitution of the People's Republic of China and laws, support the leadership of the Communist Party of China, adhere to the direction of running a socialist school, implement the party's education policy, and can apply for participation on the basis of voluntary principles Teacher qualification examinations for primary and secondary schools. ^[4]

Teacher Qualification Measures

Interim Measures for Primary and Middle School Teacher Qualification Examinations

Chapter I General Provisions

The first is to establish a national teacher qualification examination system, strict professional occupation of teachers, guarantee the quality of the teaching team, in accordance with the "Teacher Law", "Teacher Qualification Regulations" and "National Medium and Long-term Education Reform and Development Planning Outline (2010-2020)" , Formulate this method.

Article 2 The qualification examination for teachers in primary and secondary schools (hereinafter referred to as the teacher qualification examination) is a test to evaluate whether the applicants for the application for teacher qualification (hereinafter referred to as applicants) have the basic qualities and abilities of education and teaching necessary for the profession of teachers.

Article 3. These provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) undertaking the pilot reform of teacher qualification examinations shall implement these measures.

Article 4 Passing the teacher qualification examination is a prerequisite for teachers' professional entry. Those who apply for kindergarten, elementary school, junior high school, ordinary senior high school, secondary vocational school teachers, and secondary vocational school internship teacher qualifications must participate in the corresponding category of teacher qualification examinations.

Article 5 The unified national examination shall be adopted for teacher qualification examinations. The examination adheres to the principles of education, ability, practice and specialization, and adheres to the principles of science, fairness, safety, and standardization.

Chapter II Registration Conditions

Article 6 Persons who meet the following basic conditions may register for the teacher qualification examination:

(1) Having the nationality of the People's Republic of China;

(2) abide by the Constitution and laws, love education and have good ideological and moral character;

(3) Meet the medical examination standards for applying for teacher qualification;

(4) Comply with the academic qualifications required by the Teacher Law.

Students from the third year or above of ordinary colleges and universities may apply for the examination on the basis of the certificate of study issued by the school.

Article 7 The applicant shall register for the teacher qualification examination at the place where the household registration or personnel relationship is located. Students in ordinary colleges and universities can register for the teacher qualification examination at the place where they are studying.

Article 8 Full-time normal college students who have entered the university before the pilot work in the pilot provinces can apply for a graduation certificate to directly determine the corresponding teacher qualification. Teachers who have entered the school after the start of the pilot work should apply for teacher qualification examinations to apply for teachers' qualifications.

Article 9 Those who have been disqualified from teaching shall not be allowed to register for the examination within 5 years; those who have been deprived of their political rights or have been penalized for intentional crimes and sentenced to more than a term of imprisonment shall not be allowed to register for the examination. Those who have participated in teacher qualification examinations for cheating shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant provisions of the "Measures for the Treatment of Violations of National Education Examinations."

Chapter III Exam Content and Form

Article 10 The teacher qualification examination consists of two parts: written test and interview.

Article 11 The written test mainly examines the basic abilities such as the educational philosophy, professional ethics, knowledge of laws and regulations, scientific and cultural literacy, reading comprehension, language expression, logical reasoning, and information processing required for applicants to engage in teacher careers; education and teaching, student guidance Basic knowledge of teaching and class management; the basic knowledge of the proposed teaching subject area, the knowledge and methods of implementation evaluation of teaching design, and the ability to use the knowledge learned to analyze and solve practical problems in education and teaching.

Article 12 The written test is mainly conducted by computer and paper-based tests. The scope and scale of the computer-based test and the paper-based test are determined according to the actual conditions and conditions of each province (autonomous region, municipality).

Article 13 The written examination subjects for the kindergarten teacher qualification examination are 2 subjects of "Comprehensive Quality" and "Knowledge and Ability to Guarantee Education"; the written examination subjects for the qualification examination for elementary school teachers are 2 subjects of "Comprehensive Quality" and "Knowledge and Ability in Education and Teaching"; The written subjects for the qualification exams for teachers of cultural courses in secondary schools and secondary vocational schools are 3 subjects: "Comprehensive Quality", "Educational Knowledge and Ability", and "Subject Knowledge and Teaching Ability". "Quality" "educational knowledge and ability" "professional knowledge and teaching ability" 3 subjects.

The subject test of the "professional knowledge and teaching ability" of teachers in secondary vocational schools is temporarily formulated and implemented by the provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities).

Article 14 The interview mainly examines the applicant's basic literacy, teaching design, teaching implementation, teaching evaluation, and other basic teaching skills such as the applicant's professional cognition, psychological quality, appearance, speech expression, and thinking quality.

Article 15 Interviews shall be conducted in the form of structured interviews and situational simulations, and shall be conducted through the steps of question selection, lesson preparation (event design), answering prescribed questions, trial lectures (demonstration), defense (statement), and scoring.

Article 16 The state determines the pass line for written test results, and the provincial education administrative department determines the pass line for interview results.

Article 17 After the written test and interview results are announced, candidates can check their test results through the teacher qualification examination website. Candidates who have objections to their examination results may submit an application for review to the teacher qualification examination institution of this province (region, city) within 10 working days after the examination results are announced.

Article 18 The written test results are valid for 2 years. Those who pass both the written test and the interview will be issued a certificate of teacher qualification examination by the Ministry of Education Examination Center (Teacher Qualification Examination Center of the Ministry of Education). The teacher qualification examination certificate is valid for 3 years. Teacher qualification examination qualification certificate is a necessary condition for candidates to apply for teacher qualification.

Chapter IV Examination Implementation

Article 19 The written test is generally held once a year in March and November. Interviews are usually held in May and December each year.

Article 20 Provincial teacher qualification examination institutions shall organize the implementation of written examinations in accordance with the Provisions for Primary and Middle School Teachers Qualification Examinations and Work Regulations, and the Detailed Rules for Primary and Secondary School Teachers Qualification Examinations and Examinations; Regulations "to formulate the implementation rules for interviews and organize the implementation of interviews.

Article 21 Provincial teacher qualification examination institutions use the teacher qualification examination examination management information system to perform written examination and interview registration, test center setting, examination room layout, and other examination management tasks.

Article 22 After registering for written and interview candidates through the teacher qualification examination website, they must bring relevant materials specified by the provincial teacher qualification examination institution to the designated test site for registration review and confirm the application information on the spot.

Candidates can register for the interview only if they have passed the written test in each subject and are within the validity period.

Article 23 Provincial teacher qualification examination institutions shall organize the work of safety, confidentiality education and examination process training of examination personnel in the province (district, city).

Article 24 The use of the software system for written examinations and interview computer-based examinations shall be implemented by the chief technical person in charge system, and the training shall be carried out at different levels.

Article 25 Interviews are generally conducted by subject group. Each assessment group is composed of no less than 3 examiners, with 1 chief examiner.

Article 26 The interviewer shall be composed of university experts, outstanding teachers in primary and secondary schools, kindergartens, and experts in teaching and research institutions. The interviewer must meet the following requirements:

(1) Familiar with the relevant policies of teacher qualification examinations;

(2) Having good professional ethics, fairness and decentness, and good health;

(3) Possess solid professional knowledge, strong analysis and generalization ability, judgment ability and language expression ability;

(4) Having been engaged in teaching or research in related majors for more than 5 years, and generally should have a professional technical title (title);

(5) Participate in training organized by provincial or national teacher qualification examination institutions and obtain certificates.

Article 27 Education administrative departments at all levels and teacher qualification examination institutions shall not organize teacher qualification examination training.

Chapter V Exam Safety and Penalties

Article 28 Provincial teacher qualification examination institutions shall handle and respond to emergencies during examinations in accordance with the "Implementation Measures for Emergency Response Plans for Primary and Middle School Teacher Qualification Examinations (Trial)".

Article 29. Violations of personnel involved in the examination of test questions, examination management, and invigilation shall be punished in accordance with the Law on the Conservation of State Secrets and the Measures for Dealing with Violations of the National Education Examination. If the circumstances are serious enough to constitute a crime, criminal responsibility shall be investigated by the judicial organs according to law.

Article 30 Candidates' violations shall be identified and dealt with in accordance with the Measures for Handling Violations of National Education Examinations.

Chapter VI Organization Management

Article 31 The Ministry of Education formulates the standards for teacher qualification examinations and organizes the review of teacher qualification examination outlines in accordance with the standards of teachers' professional standards and the standards of teacher education courses. The Ministry of Education Examination Center (Ministry of Education Teacher Qualification Examination Center) is responsible for the organization and implementation of teacher qualification examinations. The main responsibilities are:

(1) Formulating the examination outline based on the examination standards;

(2) Organizing written and face-to-face test questions, and building a test question bank;

(3) to formulate examination management regulations, to develop and maintain examination management systems;

(4) Organizing examination work and training technical personnel;

(5) Organizing examination papers, responsible for the management and evaluation of examination results;

(6) To guide, supervise and inspect the implementation of examinations in various provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities.

Article 32 The administrative department of education at the provincial level shall be fully responsible for the qualification examination of teachers in its administrative area. A leading group for teacher qualification examinations may be established, with the main leaders of the provincial education administrative department serving as the leader of the leading group. Designate specialized education (teacher qualification) examination institutions, and be responsible for the organization of examination services under the leadership of the provincial education administrative department. The main duties are:

(1) Formulate specific measures for examination management in the region;

(2) Organizing examination work in the region;

(3) Organizing training for interviewing examiners and examination staff;

(4) to manage, direct and supervise the work of each examination area in its administrative area;

(5) Responsible for the security and confidentiality of teacher qualification examinations in this administrative region.

Article 33 The examination area for teachers' qualifications shall be set up in units of cities (prefectures, states, and leagues). The organization and implementation of teacher qualification examinations in each examination area is the responsibility of the municipal (prefecture, state, and league) education administrative department and teacher qualification examination institution.

Article 34 The fees for teacher qualification examinations shall be collected in accordance with the Ministry of Finance and the National Development and Reform Commission's Notice on Consent to Collecting Charges for Teacher Qualification Examination and Examination Issues (Cai Zong [2012] No. 41).

Chapter VII Supplementary Provisions

Article 35 The administrative department of education at the provincial level may formulate detailed implementation rules in accordance with these Measures and copy them to the Ministry of Education.

Article 36 These Measures shall be implemented as of the date of promulgation. Interim Measures for Regular Registration of Qualifications for Primary and Middle School Teachers