What Is an Exercise Limit?

Breaking through the best levels and achievements that humans have achieved in the past, the levels of various sports have risen to the extreme, as China has put forward the "faster, higher and stronger" slogan.

Exercise limit

Breaking through the best levels and achievements that humans have achieved in the past, the levels of various sports have risen to the extreme, as China has put forward the "faster, higher and stronger" slogan.

Recently, after years of research, French scientists have declared that the level of human competition has approached the physiological limit, and the possibility of setting a world record after 2060 is extremely slim. Experts say that by 2027, the world record of general sports will reach the limit of the human body. By 2060, the record of the 100-meter race will be entered into the era with a thousandth of a second as the scale, and the marathon speed will be reduced by one percent. The second is the goal, and the weight gain in weightlifting matches is accurate to "grams". Even so, every tiny record break could be 50 years apart. By that time, the importance of record breaking in competitive sports will be reduced, and the style of competition and the quality of the competition will become key indicators. So what is the limit of human motion? What physiological factors affect human exercise limits? -Approaching the limit-Human potential has reached 99%. Experts from the French Institute of Biosport Medicine and Epidemiology have organized and analyzed 3260 world records created since the birth of the modern Olympic Movement in 1896. It was found that human potential was only 75% realized more than 100 years ago, but today it has been stimulated to 99%. The researchers further analyzed the five major events of track and field, cycling, weightlifting, swimming, and speed skating, and concluded that human competitive sports with the ultimate goal of challenging the human limit will soon face the "wall of limits". Record-setting has entered a period of deceleration In fact, the pace of human record-breaking has slowed decades ago. The most obvious example is the men's 100-meter event in track and field. At the first modern Olympic Games in 1896, the world's first men's 100-meter record was born, with a score of 12 seconds. After only 8 years, the world record was shortened by 1 second. Before the 1960s, the 100-meter record was frequently updated, but then it broke into the world record and entered the era with one hundredth of a second as the scale. Recording becomes more difficult. From 1960 to the present, after 50 years of snail-like advancement, human beings have moved the world record forward by only 0.22 seconds. Previous research has also shown that athletes' record-breaking is now increasingly dependent on chance. Take the track and field men's 1500 meters as an example. In 1998, the world record for 15 years of sleep on this project was broken, with a score of 3 minutes and 26 seconds. In the long 15 years, the top athletes in this event had mixed results, and there was no overall upward trend at all. Scientists predict that in the next 10 years or so, the 1500-meter performance will remain the same. Most competitive sports have a world record, and today, with the development of modern sports, most world records have become increasingly difficult to be refreshed, and are increasingly approaching the limits of human movement. Physiological QuestWhat are the physiological and biochemical reasons for the limit of human movement? Why is the man's 100m world record at 9 seconds 74 instead of 5 seconds 74? Short-term movement is limited by the energy supply system, which starts from the energy supply of the human body. From the perspective of biochemistry, the energy supply system in the human body is divided into three types: the phosphate (ATP-CP) functional system, the glycolytic energy supply system, and the aerobic metabolism energy supply system. A variety of energy substances are stored in the human muscle. According to factors such as the required energy supply effect, exercise intensity, and exercise duration, the three energy supply methods using different energy substances as the starting point of energy metabolism are determined in a certain order and at a corresponding rate. Selective use for energy supply. There is no such thing as a single system. Generally speaking, in a short time and high intensity exercise within a few minutes, the human body mainly relies on phosphate and sugar anaerobic fermentation for energy. With the extension of exercise time, sugar, fat, and protein in the body begin to decompose under the condition of sufficient oxygen. In the aerobic metabolic function system, after 1-2 hours of high-intensity exercise, muscle glycogen is almost exhausted. Fat reserves are abundant, can maintain longer exercise, theoretically its time is not limited. Temporary energy supply only maintains muscle activity for 10 seconds. So what does the human system have to do with exercise limits? Let's take the 100-meter run as an example. Human movement is accomplished by the contraction of skeletal muscle. Skeletal muscle contraction is actually the process of converting the chemical energy produced by the body's energy metabolism into mechanical energy. The only direct energy source in this process is an organic substance containing high-energy phosphate bonds. Compound-ATP. The 100-meter run is a typical short-term extreme exercise, which symbolizes the extreme ability of the human body to move forward as quickly as possible. Its extreme strength determines that the body must be powered by an anaerobic metabolic system with fast mobilization speed and the highest output power per unit time. The muscles are mainly powered by ATP and CP with very limited human reserves. ATP releases energy for muscle contraction in only 1-3 seconds. CP releases energy after synthesizing ATP. Its energy supply time is 5-8 seconds. Once it exceeds 8 seconds, the human body will start the glycolysis system to participate in energy supply. People challenge the speed limit to consume ATP-CP as much as possible, and strive to reduce glycolysis to participate in energy supply. The comprehensive conversion of the ATP-CP system can maintain 10 seconds of muscle activity, so the human 100-meter running time should be about 10 seconds. Other projects can also be proved by the same reason. The energy supply capacity of the human body's different energy systems determines the strength of the exercise ability, and also determines the exercise limit accordingly. Of course, with the development of science and technology, people continue to move forward on the road of challenging the limits. -Overcoming Limits-Although people's physical fitness certainly has a limit, even today athletes can continue to find ways to overcome their physical limit even if they don't take drugs that improve performance. How did they do it? Basically it can be attributed to the following three advances: better equipment, better training methods and more exciting athletes' potential-the ability that genes give them. Better sports equipment For those games that require equipment, such as bicycles, golf, pole vaults, the advancement of sports equipment has made athletes' performance significantly improved. Sports clothing has also been improved. Special clothing worn by swimmers can reduce water resistance. Clothing made of special materials such as skis and bicycles can reduce wind resistance. Technological progress has come too fast, and sports management agencies have begun to formulate corresponding regulations. For example, lightweight bicycles made of carbon fiber and expensive materials have a significant competitive advantage during the race, so the International Cycling Federation stipulates that the bicycle weight of participating athletes must not be less than 6.8 kg or 15 pounds. Take speed skating as an example. At the 1998 Winter Olympics, athletes began to use detachable ice skates. The heel of the skates was separated from the blade, making it easier for athletes to exert force and produce higher acceleration. Improving training skills Nowadays, many sports such as long-distance running, high jump, swimming and weightlifting, etc., the improvement of performance is more dependent on training. Mike Sanders of the Human Performance Laboratory in Virginia James Madison University is looking for ways to push the limits. He has invented a new type of sports drink containing protein, and he hopes that drinking this drink will enable athletes to train. Work harder and last longer. "Actually, at least in terms of endurance, we have seen a clear improvement." Sanders said. "More importantly, we have seen less muscle damage and increased muscle repair. Most athletic athletes are able to train as hard as possible without worrying about getting tired. If this drink allows them to train harder A little, then this means that their physical limits will be extended a bit farther. "The use of genetically modified human body and better equipment and advanced training technology has given athletes a comprehensive improvement. It seems that those with genetic abnormalities can also Find the match that suits them. In the not-too-distant future, scientists will find ways for athletes to use their genes to shape muscle groups or create oxygenated hemoglobin cells. These methods use certain chemicals to start or stop a gene in order to increase or decrease protein production. At that time, some people might use technology to make themselves bigger and stronger. News Origin The slogan of "Faster, Higher, Stronger" has been inspiring countless athletes to attack new goals, but half a century later, this may become the ideal we can only look up to. French scientists have declared after years of research that the level of human competition has approached the physiological limit, and the possibility of setting a world record after 2060 is extremely remote. Research has also shown that the speed at which different sports reach their limits is not synchronized, but will arrive in batches. As far as record-breaking possibilities are concerned, the future of women's pole vaulting is brightest, and there is much room for improvement in swimming events, but track and field will be one of the first top out events. Men's 100 meters ca nt run anyway 9 seconds.