What are retroviruses?
Retroviruses belong to the family of Retroviridae viruses. Their genetic material consists of ribonucleic acid (RNA), instead of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Viruses of this type also contain reverse transcriptases. It is known that retroviruses lead to certain types of cancer in both humans and animals and a number of viral infections. One example is human immunodeficiency virus, a virus that causes immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).
These viruses are unique in that they are reproduced by rewriting to DNA. Reverse transcriptase, enzyme in the retraver, allows RNA to function as a template for the transcription process. Once transcription occurs, the viral DNA gets access to the DNA of the cell and reproduces along with the cell and its offspring. Within the offspring of cells, referred to as daughter cells, viral DNA creates RNA replicas itself. Finally, these replicas leave the daughter Cells after the protein coating.
Retroviruses reverse the normal cellular process that uses RNA to synthesize DNA.By perverting this process, they occupy permanent residence in the genetic material infected cells. In some cases, these viruses destroy cells that change; This is the case of HIV. Others cause cells to become cancer. That's what happens with some types of leukemia.
Viruses in this family are susceptible to mutation, and therefore, in a relatively short period of time, they often become resistant to antiviral drugs. This level of variability is one of the reasons cited for the difficulties that scientists face when attempting to develop a safe and effective HIV vaccine.antibiotics are not effective against retroviruses. They are useful for combating bacterial infections, but are useless against viruses. Instead, antiviral drugs must be and used to fight them. Vaccination can be used to prevent diseases caused by viruses, including retroviruses. Unfortunately, the development of effective vaccines is a complicated job that can achieveOut years or even generation.
Despite the fact that retroviruses are indicated in some potentially fatal diseases, they are vulnerable to something as simple as common soap and water. Hand washing can cause them to be inactive. Physical barriers can also be useful in preventing their spread. Such barriers include condoms, rubber gloves and face masks.