What Is a Stereotypy?

Stereotype mainly refers to a generalized and fixed view of a person or an object, and this observation method is extended to think that the thing or the whole has the characteristics, and ignore individual differences.

Chinese name: Stereotypes

Applicable subject: psychology
Scope of application: Social psychology

Stereotype effect

Stereotypes refer to people's relatively fixed, general and general views on a certain type of person or thing. It has a great impact on our social information processing. It has both a positive side and a negative side.

Stereotype positive performance

Judging a certain type of people with many things in common within a certain range, without exploring information, directly drawing conclusions based on the established fixed views, which simplifies the cognitive process and saves a lot of time and energy. It enables people to quickly understand someone's general situation and helps people cope with the complex surroundings.

Stereotypes negative performance

Making general conclusions on the basis of given limited materials will cause people to ignore individual differences when cognizing others, leading to perceptual errors, preconceptions, and hindering the correct evaluation of others.

Stereotype formation

Obtained through direct experience, individuals are formed by directly contacting certain people and certain groups, and then immobilizing these characteristics. The other is obtained through indirect methods. For some people who have never met, people will be based on Indirect data and information create stereotypes.

Stereotype measurement

Stereotype sincerity channel

Greenwald and Banaji (1995) point out that we often have implicit stereotypes and cannot be easily identified, but it still affects our views on the characteristics of a particular social group. For the next time, we can use Towles- Schwen (2001) 's approach to measuring implicit attitudes and stereotypessincere channels.

Stereotype priming effect

Designed by Banaji and Hardin (1996), using the principle of the priming effect. This method first presents the subject with a sub-domain level of stimulus-these stimuli are presented only for a short time, making the subject unrecognizable or recognizable. Kawakami's (2001) experiment. In the experiment, the starting words are black or white photos, the presentation time is 15 to 30 milliseconds, then the letters or symbols are presented as a set of part of speech clues, and finally some black and white Words related to stereotypes or neutral words related to letters. Participants were asked to determine whether these words could be used to describe one of the specific parts of speech. The results showed that after the black picture was activated, the subjects responded more quickly to words related to black stereotypes. Related words react faster.

Experimental Research on Stereotypes

Katz and Berry (1933) surveyed the stereotypes of 100 white college students in the United States about certain ethnic groups and found that most of them believe that blacks have superstitions, laziness, and carefree qualities, and Germans are scientifically minded, hardworking, and Common qualities such as rigidity.

In a study by Munro (1997), researchers divided students into two groups with high or low prejudice against homosexuals. Each student then read two articles on homosexuality studies, one of which was consistent with stereotypes that homosexuality was considered to be related to sexual behavior; the other group of theories was that the two were not related. When these high- and low-biased students were used to evaluate the quality of each study, the students in the high-biased group used more information from the study that they thought was related to homosexuality and sexuality.