What is acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans?

Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans (ACA) is the condition of the skin during the last stages of Lyme disease or Lyme borreliosis, which is caused by an infectious organism called Borrelia Burgdorferi or Borrelia Afzelia. In the chronicle of chronicle atrophican, the skin gradually undergoes atrophy, which is to reduce the size due to the decrease in the size and number of cells. This disease, also called Herxheimer's disease or primary diffusion atrophy, has an early inflammatory stage where scattered or localized redness or bluish color and swelling of the skin can be observed. When spreading, the extensor and joint surfaces of the limbs are connected. The spreading nature of skin lesions is why they are called erythema migrans. As a result, the skin is prominently wrinkles and relaxed, causing hair loss. Some people can find a prominent of sclerotic spots and fibrotic belts over the tibia or ulna, called prentibial belts and ulnar belts. It is known that ACA causes problems in peripheral nerveSystem, such as Alodynia, an experience of pain with normal poor stimuli. Other people experience persistent or occasional pain on their limbs and these problems are classified as peripheral neuropathy.

For the diagnosis of acrodermatitis chronica atrophican, confirmation of the presence of skin lesions and skin similar to tissue paper, along with serological testing and skin biopsy. Blood extraction is required to determine immunoglobulin G (IgG) blood, which is increased most of the time. Early skin lesions ACA lesions show the presence of inflammatory cells in the dermis along with lymphocytes and plasma cells, loss of rete ridges and decreased elastic fiber as well as the size and number of cells. Dilation or enlargement of blood vessels may occur and the formation of vacuums that resemble fat cells. There is also fibrosis marked with an increased number of cells producing collagen called fibroBlast, collagen bundles and sclerosis or formation of dense collagen bundles.

Acrodermatitis chronica Atrophicans are best treated in an early inflammatory stage. The agent is an infectious spirochete, so the primary treatment of this condition includes doxycycline or penicillin for four weeks. When acodermatitis chronic atrophican is caught at the late stage, it may be difficult to reverse the atrophy and reduce the movements of the upper and lower limbs. In addition to antibiotic treatment, people with chronic atrophy should undergo rehabilitation therapy.