What is nephrotic syndrome?

nephrotic syndrome is a form of chronic kidney disease characterized by fluid retention and swelling (swelling), high levels of serum cholesterol, high levels of serum albumin (hypoalbuminemia) and excessive amounts of protein (protein). This is the most important sign that nephrotic syndrome is present. This symptom is also one of the most important unfavorable health, as patients may be exhausted by a protein at a speed of 25 times than usual in one 24 -hour period. Moreover, this disorder is often responsible for kidney disease and kidney failure.

There are several basic causes that can lead to the development of nephrotic syndrome, such as focal glomerulosclerosis (FSG), a genetic disorder that attacks the kidney glomeruli and worsens the kidney ability to filter impurture. The disease minimal changes, sometimes triggered by certain drugs or food allergies, is the main cause of nephrotic syndois in young children. Unfortunately, special difficultiesIn determining the latter is that the kidney tissue often appears to be normal. Other secondary causes of this disease include diabetes, cancer and HIV infection. The impact rate in men is higher than women.

with nephrotic syndrome is also associated with several secondary complications. For one thing, the accumulation of metabolic waste and protein in the bloodstream can lead to uremia, a condition that promotes toxicity, blood clots and increase blood pressure. For largely unknown, patients with nephrotic syndrome are also more susceptible to infections. In addition, the disease may eventually cause complete renal failure, requires dialysis or organ transplantation.

In terms of diagnosis, elevated protein levels in the urine may be confirmed by urine analysis. The urgency for this test is often stimulated by the occurrence of foam or foam in the urine. Blood tests may be carried out for a jobHem of albumin level control, water -soluble protein that causes hypoalbuminemia in excessive cicrulation. In addition, biopsy or depression of the tissue samples from the kidneys may be necessary to check the scarring of the glomeruli that could be caused by FSG.

Conventional treatment of nephrotic syndrome consists of drugs to master its complications, in addition to regular monitoring of proteins and fluids. Edema is usually solved by diuretic drugs. Proteinuria can be checked using an enzyme inhibitor converting angiotensin (ACE) or Angiotensin II (ARB) receptor blocker, which also helps reduce blood pressure. High cholesterol can be treated with various statin drugs. Oral corticosteroids, such as prednisolone, can also be administered to control tissue inflammation.