What is the trochlear nerve?

The trochlear nerve, also known as the fourth nerve or the fourth skull, is located near the brain and serves an excellent oblique muscle of the eye. It has several unique features that it contains the smallest axons of any of the 12 skull and is the longest. In addition, from all the skulls of nerves, it is the only one that comes from the opposite place of the body from the muscle it serves, and it is the only one that leaves the back of the brain stems. There are two trochlear nerves, one for each eye, and are found not only in humans, but also in all vertebrates who have jaws. Movement made possible by the superior oblique eye muscle involves rolling the eye up and down and moving to the nose or "crossing" the eyes. The muscle itself connects to the back of the eyeball, but the tendon rising from it connects to the peak of the eyeball and exerts pressure from the structure of a structure similar to the pulley. This structure explains the name of the nerve, the trochlear, which means the "pulley" in Latin.

The role of this nerve in checking the eye movements is why damage to the trochlear nerves can lead to visiting problems. In particular, injury to the trochley nerve in one eye can prevent the ability of this eye to move with synchronization with the other eye and often cause double vision. This condition is also referred to as the trochlear nervous palsy. Often the patient's tendency is diagnosed to hold the head in the tilted position to relieve double vision.

Alfred Bielschowsky, ophthalmologist from Germany, developed a tilt test used to diagnose the trochlear of nervous palsy. Most of the Bielschow work was carried out in the first half of the 20th century. Although the tilt of the head can be caused by other conditions, the tilt of the Bielschowsky Remains head is now used as a diagnostic tool. Most often, the trochlear nervous palsy are due to the trauma of the head, although it was also diagnosed in conjunction with conditions such as multiple sclerosis, diabetes and atherosclerosis.

Accurate data regarding the frequency of polio with trochlear nervous palsy are uncertain because many patients simply compensate for double vision by moving the head. For those who are no longer able to achieve acceptable results with compensation, treatment generally includes surgery. Surgical innovations developed in 70 years have greatly improved the possibilities and efficacy of treatment.