What is an oil refinery?
The oil refinery is a device where oil is processed into various chemical products and by -products. These products are used for many industrial and commercial applications. The most common chemicals produced by refinery are fuels and lubricants such as gasoline, kerosene and engine oil. The oil refinery produces many other chemicals, including plastic ingredients and other useful materials. Some by -products of the oil refine process also have industrial applications such as oil coke used in steel production.
Oil refineries are usually large industrial complexes full of complex machine networks necessary for chemical processing. Most of the pipes are associated with oil production equipment; If this is not possible, trains or other transport methods must be used to supply oil to refinery. They are often located near large water bodies because water is used as a coolant and in some chemical processes. The average oil refinery has numerous VNIt is an Its pipeline for moving and unprocessed chemicals throughout the place and large tanks for storing these chemicals. Most refineries are far from residential areas because of noise, emissions and safety concerns.
Once the oil has entered the oil refinery, it is refined by a process called fractional distillation. This process separates oil into various forms or fractions that are distinguished by their molecular structure. All these oil spirits or petrochemicals consist of complex molecules called hydrocarbons. Some of these petrochemicals are useful in themselves, while others must be processed further in the oil refinery or in another place. These other chemical processes vary depending on the type of distillate and the desired end product.
gasoline, also known as gasoline, is the primary product of oil processing, along with other fuels such as diesel, Petroil and liquefied gas from oil (LP). Petrochemicals are also used to create numerous products, including waxes, solvents and pesticides. Asphalt and air tar them are used in the construction of roads and buildings. Polymers produced from petrochemicals form the basis of many plastics. Useful by -products of the oil refinery include oil coke, the necessary component for the production of steel and aluminum and sulfuric acid, which can be reused in the oil refine process.
The oil refinery is a costly and complicated operation. High product demand requires many refineries to work continuously, allowing several opportunities to maintain or improve. Strict environmental and safety regulations control the location, activity and emission of refineries. Increased awareness of environmental interests has focused on these devices that can generate pollutants and carcinogens and decrease in air. However, many products created by oil refineries are essential for modern society.