What is a nephrectomy?
nephrectomy is a surgery in which the kidney is partially or completely removed. This procedure is performed when the patient has a seriously damaged kidney that can no longer work effectively. A wide range of diseases can cause such damage, including diabetes, kidney cancer, polycystic kidney disease and severe infections. The kidney can be removed without replacing or being replaced by a donor kidney in the event of a transplant operation.
nephrectomy can be a complete or partial procedure. Partial renal removal means that only part of the sick kidney is removed. When the kidneys are completely removed, the entire kidney is removed along with some tissues that surround the organ. This procedure is also called radical removal of the kidneys and involves removing the kidney, part or urea and adrenal glands adjacent to the kidney. The cut can be made on the front of the abdomen or on the side. The kidney feeding containers are clamped and then cut.The ureter is also cut, which connects the kidneys with the bladder. Finally, the kidney is removed and the cut is closed. This procedure usually takes approximately three hours.
Laparoscopic nephrectomy is a similar procedure, but in this case three or four small cuts are performed instead of one. Through these small cuts, the surgeon works to remove the kidneys with special tools and a miniature camera that allows him to see inside the body without making a large cut. Laparoscopic surgery provides several benefits to the patient in that it is much less invasive than open surgery, with fewer risks and side effects and faster recovery times.
In order to prepare for nephrectomy, patients are given on food and drink before surgery. They may be asked to stop taking certain medicines such as blood thinners, one or more days before the procedure. The patient is catheterizov before the procedureana, so the flow of urine does not limit surgery.
After completion of the procedure, the pain at the point of cut together with possible numbness for most patients is common. Cough and deep breathing can be painful due to surgical cut, but it is important that patients breathe deeply to prevent pneumonia. The kidney removal complications may involve infection of the cutting point, internal bleeding and pneumonia.
If the patient's kidney has been removed due to disease or damage, there is a risk of subsequent reduced function or failure of the remaining kidney. Someone who has the kidney removed because they agreed to act as a living donor is also at risk in the future. This is because they are vulnerablexicity, infection or injury that can damage their remaining kidneys.