What is enzyme substitution therapy?
Substitution therapy with enzyme is a type of treatment of various diseases. The name is quite clear: enzymes are artificially introduced into the body to compensate for a certain shortage. Enzymatic substitution therapy is used as a treatment of Gauchher's disease, Fabry's disease, disease storage of type II glycogen, cystic fibrosis and others. Usually, fresh enzymes must be injected regularly to work therapy.
The enzyme is a protein used by the body to catalyze or allow specific chemical reactions. Enzymes have one or more binding sites that are set to accept a certain type of molecule and perform some type of operation. For example, there are many different enzymes in saliva that are structured to break down food. The most common way to occur the lack of enzyme is through a gene of gene. Some, though not all, genetic mutations can change the structure of the protein expressed from the mutated gene. If this happens, the body can produce enzyme, ale not the one that causes the necessary reaction. This is where substitution therapy comes with enzyme.
Substitution therapy usually introduces approximately the same enzyme that is missing from the outside. For example, Gauchar's disease is caused by a lack of glucecerebrosebrosebrose, an enzyme that plays an important role in the metabolism of the body. The disease can be treated with injections of immiglcerase, synthetic analogue produced by Genzyme.
The second type of enzyme substitution therapy introduces enzymes that have become insufficient for some other reason. Cystic fibrosis is due to the fact that the body has not fulfilled a specific protein, which is essential for the function of cell membranes. The disease cannot be cured simply by injection of this protein into the body; It wouldn't work properly.
However,substitution therapy with enzyme can correct the symptom of cystic fibrosis. The disease causes problems with pancreatic channels that prevent enzymes fromStand into the gastrointestinal tract to spend food. Enzyme substitution therapy can introduce a number of digestive enzymes to correct this secondary problem.
Substitution therapy with enzyme is a relatively new type of treatment. Since there are more genome and cell function of proteins, new forms of substitution therapy are likely to appear with enzyme. However, this treatment is expensive because it requires external protein synthesis and necessarily continues. In natural operation, proteins are degraded and reproduced. This degradation usually helps the body to regulate, but for the substitution therapy of enzymes, the effect of the enzyme is necessary almost every week.