What is Movement Reeducation?

Sports training refers to planned sports activities organized under the guidance of coaches in order to improve athletes' athletic ability and performance. It is an important part of competitive sports. The main participants of sports training are athletes and coaches rather than general sports participants. It is an organized and planned activity process. The purpose is to improve the training level and lay the foundation for sports performance.

Sports training refers to planned sports activities organized under the guidance of coaches in order to improve athletes' athletic ability and performance. It is an important part of competitive sports. The main participants of sports training are athletes and coaches rather than general sports participants. It is an organized and planned activity process. The purpose is to improve the training level and lay the foundation for sports performance.

Chinese name

Sports Training

Foreign name

Sports Training

Pinyin

yùn dòng xùn liàn

Zhuyin

' mi fa' ¨Ò 'someone now

Basic characteristics of sports training

Sports training adaptation process

Adaptation is a process in which the internal and external environment of the organism is constantly in balance. Under normal circumstances, the activities of the various organ systems of the human body are mutually restricted and coordinated, and they are in a relatively balanced state. This relative balance is a necessary condition for the existence of human life and the normal functioning of organisms. When the external environment changes, the relative balance of the internal and internal environment of the organism is destroyed, and various functions in the body have to be readjusted to maintain the relative balance of the internal and external environment of the body. This is the adaptation process.

Adaptation is one of the basic laws of biological activity, and it is also the biological basis for improving human athletic ability and achieving excellent athletic performance through sports training.

In sports training, changes in the external environment that cause the adaptation process include applying exercise load, changing training content, and changing training environments and conditions.

In sports training, methods such as applying exercise load are used to consciously break the relative balance of the internal environment of the body so that it can be converted to a higher level of school performance, so as to regain relative balance at a level appropriate to the exercise load applied. . This process of continuous balance between the organism produced by the exercise training and the external environment under the load is called training adaptation.

The role of training adaptation is reflected in the following three aspects:

First of all, training adaptation is the biology of increasing human functioning. Continuously improving human body function is one of the important tasks of sports training. Modern sports training requires athletes to maximize their functional potential. The continuous improvement of human functioning depends on the process of training and adaptation. Only by increasing the stimulation that the body continuously exerts a sports load, so that it can produce a training adaptation process, can the body function be continuously improved.

Secondly, training adaptation is the biological prerequisite for developing a competitive state. The formation of a competitive state of sports is the result of a highly developed training adaptation process. The formation of a competitive state requires that the athletes' training and adaptation in the aspects of the shape, function, sports quality, sports technology, sports tactics, and psychological state of various organ systems reach a fairly complete level and be harmoniously integrated into a whole. The temporary disappearance of the competitive state is the result of the decline of training anti-adaptation. This anti-adaptive decline has enabled athletes to recover and further develop new training adaptations to re-establish a competitive state at a higher level and achieve better athletic performance.

Thirdly, training adaptation is the biological basis of sports training theory. Sports training theory is a summary and generalization of sports practice experience. It is based on the objective laws of sports training and plays a guiding role in sports training practice. Sports training theory can only withstand the test of successful sports training practice based on training adaptation and other objective laws of sports training, and form a scientific theoretical system to guide the development of sports training in the right direction.

The generation and development of the training adaptation process are affected by many factors, such as exercise load, recovery process, physical and physical conditions, and mental state, among which load and recovery play a decisive role. Therefore, in the process of training adaptation, particular attention is paid to the recovery process, which is a necessary prerequisite for the formation of training adaptation. In addition, if the total load of the athlete's psychology and daily life matches the load capacity that the athlete's body can bear, the training adaptation process can develop normally, and the level of performance and athletic performance can be increased accordingly. Exceeding the athlete's capacity can lead to overtraining. For the prevention of overtraining, we must first consider the reasonable arrangement of sports training according to the acceptability of the athlete's body and personal characteristics. Second, we must abide by the living system and pay attention to the combination of work and rest. Elimination of overtraining can be achieved by observing early symptoms in time, finding out the specific cause of overtraining, and adjusting the training plan to eliminate it.

Exercise training exercise load

In the process of sports training, only by applying a strong stimulus to the athlete's organism through practice can it cause the organism to react deeply and fully tap the body's functional potential. If the athletes cannot withstand the heavy load to extreme load training, it is difficult to adapt to the requirements of modern training and competition. The ultimate load is relative, as far as individual athletes are concerned. When the load of a certain training phase reaches the individual athlete's limit, and training adaptation occurs, it is necessary to further increase the load level. Because athletes have the extreme characteristics of bearing load in the training process, coaches should arrange the load scientifically and reasonably as an important part of training. The basic requirements for reasonable exercise load are:

1. Increasing the load during training must be gradual

It is important to remember that the larger the exercise load, the larger the better, the larger and the larger, exceeding the "maximum load" capacity that the athlete can bear. For excellent athletes of high level, the load close to the competition should be used frequently during the entire sports training process, and strive to make large amounts of exercise and intensity appear at the same time, so that the athletes maintain the competitive state throughout the year, and the best results at any time . For ordinary athletes, the load must be gradually increased step by step, both the "maximum load" that the athlete can bear, and the combination of small and medium loads to ensure continuous heavy load training. This is particularly important for young children and athletes.

2.Master the relationship between good load and recovery

There is no improvement in training level without load, but no new load can be scheduled without recovery. Only after the organism bears a certain load and is properly restored to eliminate fatigue, can the body's capacity be gradually improved. Therefore, the recovery schedule for each class during training should be based on the athlete's physical ability being restored and improved. Intervals between training sessions that are too long or too short are not conducive to the improvement of physical ability.

3. Properly match the load and load intensity

During the training process, the arrangement of the load generally shows a undulating state. The amount and intensity of the load usually change in three forms: one is to increase the amount and intensity, the other is to increase the reduction, and the third is to increase the amount. Reduced strength. In the training of modern high-level athletes, it is proposed that in order to comply with the basis of competitive conditions, the load and load intensity must reach the maximum at the same time, and the load and tension specific to the game must be simulated regularly. In this regard, no matter which form is used to match the load amount and load intensity, it is necessary to proceed from the actual situation of the athletes, with the premise that it is conducive to improving athletic performance as soon as possible. Outstanding strength is an important feature of load arrangement for today's high-level athletes.

4.Arrange the load according to the characteristics of different training tasks and sports

For a training session, if the main task is to learn and master the technology, the intensity should not be too large, and the increase should be the main amount of exercise; if the main task is to develop a certain athletic quality, the amount and intensity of the load should be increased . The characteristics of sports events and the load requirements of the game are different, and the arrangement of the load should be different in daily training. But no matter what kind of project load arrangement, it should be based on improving the maximum benefit in unit training time.

5. Strengthen the use of medical supervision and recovery methods

Improper load arrangement is one of the main causes of sports injury and excessive fatigue. Therefore, it is important to strengthen medical supervision, especially the effects of monitoring load. At the same time, it is necessary to teach the athletes some necessary knowledge about the load and self-supervision, control and adjustment of the load, so that they can better cooperate with the coach to make the arrangement of the load meet the level that the athlete can bear. In addition, actively adopting effective recovery methods can help eliminate fatigue after load faster, strengthen regeneration of energy materials, and quickly adapt.

Expressive training

Through sports training, the athlete's competitive ability will be improved, but only after the competition and excellent sports performance in the competition, can it have personal and life value, and can be officially recognized. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the training of athletes' competition ability in daily training. The cultivation of competition ability is closely related to the formation and development of the competitive state.

Competitive state refers to the most suitable state of preparation for athletes to achieve excellent athletic performance. The "excellent athletic performance" referred to here is in terms of my best performance; the "optimal state of preparation" is also relative, in terms of the preparation level of the athlete himself before training, the higher the level of preparation , The more likely you are to create your best score in the competition.

Only after the necessary preparatory training can a competitive state emerge. The emergence of competitive state has its specific characteristics, they are objective indicators for measuring and judging competitive state. These characteristics are:

Athletes 'organisms' organ systems reach the highest level of performance, and the phenomenon of "saving" occurs in sports. The body can adapt to training and competition with large loads or extreme loads to the greatest extent, and the recovery process is relatively fast.

The development of the athlete's athletic quality and special skills and tactics has reached his best level, and the athletic quality is closely combined with the specialized skills and tactics. The improved athletic qualities can be maximized through the specialized skills and tactics. The action is accurate, proficient, and coordinated, with the best results.

Athletes have high emotions, vigorous energy, good self-awareness, and desire to participate in competitions during training. They have special special sensibility, tenacious will, psychological stability, and full confidence in completing tasks and winning victory.

The above characteristics of the competitive state are concentrated in the fact that the athletes can achieve or even exceed their best performance in major competitions.

Sports training in detail

Sports training characteristics

Particularity of applicable objects: The applicable objects of sports training are mainly athletes. Compared with the participating groups in physical education and fitness, the size of this group is much smaller, but it has strong athletic ability, physical literacy and solid sports. Technical skills.

High-intensity exercise load: The ultimate goal of exercise training is to maximize the excavation and improvement of the human's athletic ability. Therefore, during the training, high-intensity, long-term and large-volume physical stimulation must be used to constantly break the original physiological function balance of the human body. A new balance is reached at a higher level.

Specialization of operation methods: With the improvement of training level, scientific and professional training methods and methods have become the most critical factors affecting the training effect.

The practicality of effect evaluation: On the one hand, the test of the training effect can be evaluated by multiple factors such as body shape, function, technical and tactical level, etc., but the most fundamental is to evaluate by the results of the competition.

Scientific Research in Sports Training

The content of sports training studies is closely related to many disciplines, and it is necessary to understand, master and apply relevant knowledge of various disciplines. In the natural sciences, it involves sports anatomy, sports biomechanics, sports biochemistry, sports physiology, sports medicine, statistics, and cybernetics. In the social sciences, it involves education, sports sociology, sports psychology, and sports aesthetics. . If you study physical training, you must use the basic knowledge of sports anatomy and sports physiology; to study the measurement and evaluation of training levels, you must use the relevant knowledge of anthropometrics, physiological function tests and statistics. Therefore, some people call sports training a comprehensive subject.

In order to strengthen the scientific nature of sports training and explore the rules of sports training in depth, in some countries where sports are more developed, the study of sports training is highly valued. At the Institute of Sports Research in the Federal Republic of Germany, sports training is a priority. There are monographs on sports training in the former Soviet Union, the German Democratic Republic, and the United Kingdom. These countries also include sports training as a compulsory course for the training of high-level coaches in sports colleges. It is just that the content of sports training research in different countries is not the same. For example, sports training in the German Democratic Republic includes aspects of athletes' health and nutrition. The UK also includes related basic theories of sports anatomy, sports biomechanics and sports physiology. In China, in the 1950s, some content about sports training appeared in the discipline of sports theory. After the 1970s, a discipline system belonging to the content of sports training has been initially established in sports theory, and it has developed in the direction of establishing an independent discipline.

Sports training task requirements

The task of sports training and the direct purpose of sports training are to continuously improve the athletes' skill level and create excellent results. Its tasks are: to improve the functions of athletes' organ systems and develop athletic qualities; to master and improve the techniques and tactics of special sports and related theoretical knowledge; to cultivate the ability of athletes to train independently; to carry out morality, will and quality education. The tasks in the four areas are closely linked and promote each other, and they are all aimed at creating excellent results. Therefore, the content of training and the methods and means adopted are of a special nature, and require athletes to bear a large amount of exercise load, and the performance in training must be shown in the formal competition. This is significantly different from physical education and physical exercise.

Whether it is possible to conduct sports training strictly and scientifically and to evaluate the level of sports technical level reflects the modern scientific level of a country to a certain extent. Many countries in the world have vigorously carried out sports training in order to win in competitive competitions. Some countries have long-term strategic arrangements for the development of key sports. For example, the Soviet Union, the United States, and Cuba have also established Olympic training centers and training bases to conduct short-term and long-term training for high-level athletes. In order to strengthen the scientificity of training, sports physiology, sports medicine, sports psychology and other research laboratories with modern scientific instruments and equipment are built in training centers and bases. Famous experts, professors, doctors, and coaches cooperate with each other to conduct training. Scientific research to explore the laws of human and sports training.

To guide athletes scientifically, coaches should have a high scientific and cultural level and the ability to organize teaching and training, be proficient in the science and technology of this sport, and have a solid grasp of the basic theory of related disciplines.

Sports training training principles

The training principle is a summary and generalization of the general experience of sports training practice, reflects the objective laws of sports training, and is a criterion that must be followed for sports training. There are several common training principles.

Sports Training Competition Needs and Oriented Development Principles

Throughout the entire sports training process, we should focus on the need to improve the athlete's athletic ability and athletic performance, proceed from actual combat, scientifically arrange the training cycle, divide the training stages, select the most appropriate training content, methods, and methods to reasonably control the training load. Sports training should combine special characteristics and competition needs to improve the training's pertinence, practicality and timeliness.

Sports training system training and cycle arrangement principles

The training process is organized systematically, continuously, and periodically according to the characteristics of the sports training structure, the characteristics of the competitive state, and the rules of major events. This principle mainly emphasizes the systematic nature of the training process and the cyclical law of competitive state changes, and the training is arranged in an orderly and periodic manner.

Group training and differentiated treatment principles in sports training clusters

Athletes train together in groups or teams, and make different training arrangements based on different sports, individual characteristics, training conditions, and training stages. The starting point is to identify with the social clustering of athletes and to respect their individual characteristics.

Sports training suitable load and real-time recovery principle

According to the actual possibility of athletes and the adaptation rules of human body functional training, and the need to improve athletes' athletic ability, the corresponding measurement load is given during training, and fatigue is eliminated in time after training. According to the biological adaptation process, the physical ability is improved and the ideal training effect is achieved .

Sports training oriented incentives and effective control principles

Through a variety of methods and channels, it stimulates the motivation and behavior of athletes to actively engage in hard training, and actively implements effective control of training activities and processes. Because sports training is a high-intensity training on the physical, mental, technical and tactical aspects, it can produce positive or negative stimulation to the athlete's psychology, so it must be adjusted in time in training.

Sports training sports principles

Uninterrupted exercise training

Athletes should start training systematically and uninterruptedly from the beginning of participating in training to the achievement of excellent athletic performance, as well as maintaining and improving performance until the end of "sports life". This principle is determined based on the theory of conditioned reflexes (that is, athletes can not only be proficient and precise in continuous training, but also make new movements faster and easier to master). This is because the more temporary neural connections are established and strengthened, the more active transfer of motor skills is enabled. The knowledge, technology and tactics of a sport have their own systems. When learning, there must be a gradual development process from simple to complex and shallow to deep, and the corresponding cooperation of basic skills and qualities is also required. These skills And quality also has its own system and interconnections. It is these special and basic skills, technologies and sports qualities that are related to each other. They require the continuity of training and the coordination and cooperation of all relevant parties to continuously consolidate and develop the increasing number of temporary neural connections. Promote the function of other organ systems accordingly, so as to obtain excellent results. If the training is interrupted, the technology and skills will decline, and the functions of other organ systems will also decline. The training results that have been achieved will disappear. Therefore, continuous training is required throughout the year and for many years; training content, methods, and arrangements for exercise load must also be continuous; the training outlines, plans, and requirements of training organizations at all levels should be organically linked.

Periodic exercise training

Refers to training in a training cycle composed of three closely linked periods of preparation, competition, and rest periods; the latter cycle must continuously improve the athletes' training level on the basis of the previous cycle. The principle of periodicity is mainly determined according to the objective law that the competitive state forms three stages. One cycle (called a single cycle) or two cycles (called a dual cycle) and the division of the period should be considered each year from the characteristics of major domestic and foreign competition schedules and sports events to ensure that athletes can form and Stay competitive and create great results. However, it is not appropriate to arrange the cycle and divide the period around the general game.

Sports training rationality

Exercise load refers to the physiological load that athletes bear. The principle of reasonable arrangement of exercise load refers to gradually and rhythmically increasing the exercise load according to the task and the level of the object in the training until the athlete can bear the maximum. If the exercise load is too small during training, the function of the organism cannot be improved; if the exercise load is too large and exceeds the athlete's ability to bear, excessive fatigue will occur; if the exercise load stops at a level, the organism's function and exercise Quality cannot be further developed. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the exercise load gradually and rhythmically, and do not increase it too fast or too violently, otherwise the athletes will not be able to adapt and are prone to injury accidents. Increasing exercise load in sports training is not the purpose, but just a means to improve the training level of athletes. The size of the exercise load is relative. There is no fixed standard for "maximum" that is applicable to all athletes. It depends on the specific situation and must be from small to large to form an increase-adaptation-further increase. -The process of re-adaptation, combining large, medium and small rhythmically.

Differentiating sports training

Refers to the specific determination of training tasks, content, methods, means and exercise load during training according to the athletes' age, gender, physical conditions, sports quality, technical and tactical levels, educational level, acceptance ability, personality characteristics and other situations . The conditions and conditions of athletes are very different, and the situation is constantly changing with the development of the training process. Therefore, coaches must make targeted training plans and implement the different requirements of different athletes in detail. During the various links of the training, and according to the development and changes of the situation, take corresponding measures and treat them differently.

Sports training principles will not be static. With the development of science and technology and training practice, many objective laws that have not been discovered during training will be discovered and recognized by people. Therefore, these principles will be further enriched and enriched.

Sports training training method

Common methods of sports training

The training methods often used in sports training are: repetitive training, transformation training, interval training, competition, comprehensive training and so on.

Exercise training

It is a training method to repeatedly practice a certain technical action according to certain requirements. Using this method, the number of repetitions and load intensity should be determined according to the training tasks and objects. For example, when studying and mastering technology, you should repeat the practice strictly in accordance with the technical specifications, and it should not be too demanding in terms of quantity and intensity. When improving and consolidating technology, in addition to a certain amount, you must gradually increase the intensity. To enable athletes to skillfully and correctly master technology in difficult conditions for use in competitions.

Sports training transformation training

It is a method of training under the conditions of changing the environment and conditions of the exercise and changing the speed, time, rate and combination of exercises. When using this method, the intensity, time, rate, and environment of the exercise should be purposefully changed according to the specific task of training. For example, in order to adapt to the competition, the training conditions can be changed according to the climate of the competition place and the equipment of the venue. In order to correct the wrong movements, the weight of the exercise can be appropriately reduced, and the requirements for the speed and rate of movement can be reduced. When errors are corrected, they should be changed to practice under normal conditions in time.

Interval training

This is a training method that defines the rest time between repeated actions. The main difference between this method and the repetitive training method is that the interval between each exercise or group of exercises is strictly controlled, so that the athlete can perform the next or next group of exercises without complete recovery. Generally, the pulse frequency Calculated, not less than 120 times per minute. The interval training method can be combined into a variety of interval training programs by adjusting the number of exercises, the load intensity of each exercise, the number of repetitions (groups), the interval time and the rest mode according to the training task.

The competition law should generally be conducted in accordance with the competition rules of each sport (especially the training before participating in the official competition). However, according to the specific requirements of training, the distance and time of the official competition can be shortened or extended, the venue can be reduced, the number of people can be reduced, or some conditions can be added to restrict it.

Sports training comprehensive training

The aforementioned training methods are combined in different ways to form a comprehensive training method. Another combination of comprehensive training methods is loop training. The combination of various training methods and the composition of loop training should be determined according to the characteristics of each training method, combined with the training task, and the actual situation of the athlete.

With the development of modern science and technology, on the basis of the above-mentioned commonly used training methods, many new training methods continue to appear. Such as the aerobic training method, anaerobic training method, hypoxic training method and altitude training method formed according to the impact of training methods on physiological functions and its own characteristics. After applying cybernetics to the field of sports training, pattern training methods have emerged. This method uses the theory and methods of cybernetics, and studies the training and improvement of high-level athletes to determine an optimal development model, so that the trainees can be trained in terms of morphology, physiological functions, sports quality, and technology. The direction of this model. If a deviation occurs, immediately identify the cause and correct it in a timely manner.

Sports training training plan

Sports training plans, outlines and sports training classes. Making sports training plans is a major part of ensuring scientific training. The plan includes: multi-year training plan (generally based on a National Games and Olympic Games, and juvenile athletes can also make plans for 6-8 years); annual training plan; phase training plan; weekly training plan Lesson training plan.

The training outline is scientifically selected according to the training tasks and the level of the training object, and is arranged according to a certain classification method. The training outline includes the basic content of theoretical knowledge, physical training, technical training, tactical training, and psychological training. These contents should be arranged from easy to difficult, from simple to complex, from shallow to deep. The training syllabuses of athletes of different levels must be connected to each other, and they can reflect the advanced level and future development trend of this sport.

Training classes are the most basic form of organization for training athletes. The final completion of training tasks depends on the gradual accumulation of the effects of each training session. Each training class should have clear tasks, appropriate content, strict organization, effective methods and means, reasonable exercise load and time allocation. Make sure you have plenty of preparatory activities in class, and restorative relaxation exercises before the end. Training courses can be divided into single classes and comprehensive classes. A single lesson is training with only one basic content in each lesson, such as physical training, technical training, etc. Comprehensive classes are a combination of physical, technical, and tactical training in one class. Training classes are different from other physical education classes. The choice of the content of each lesson, the use of methods and means, and the determination of exercise load must not only be connected back and forth, but also coordinated with other activities such as morning exercises and competitions. Emphasis on individual treatment and athletes 'self-control, in order to better complete training tasks based on the actual situation of athletes, but also to cultivate and improve athletes' ability to train independently.

Sports training professional settings

Training goals

Mainly train moral, intellectual, physical and aesthetic development, have high-level special skills, complete sports training basic theories and basic knowledge, coaches and special instructors who can engage in professional training, amateur training, and guide national fitness activities, compete in sports Organization and management of high-quality, high-skilled applied sports talents.

This major trains students with basic theories and basic knowledge related to competitive sports, and masters social and sports related to competitive sports.

Basic skills in education activities, senior specialized talents engaged in sports teaching, scientific research, management and other aspects.

Business training requirements: This major is a category of professional engaged in sports-related activities. Students mainly learn the basic theory, basic knowledge and basic skills related to sports, and can master the basic ability to engage in sports-related social activities.

Main categories of sports training

The main items are basketball, badminton, tennis, track and field, gymnastics, weightlifting, judo, taekwondo, wrestling, shooting, martial arts routines, Sanda, etc.

News (sports news direction), English (sports English direction), tourism (sports tourism direction), management (sports management direction), education (sports education direction), etc.

Main subjects: sports journalism, sports English, sports tourism, sports management, sports education, etc.

Sports Training Course

Journalism (Sports News): History of Ancient Literature, History of Modern and Contemporary Literature, Literary Appreciation, Introduction to Journalism, Communication, Advertising, Sports Journalism, Sports Event Reporting, News Writing, News Commentary, News Interviewing, Program Host General Introduction, Introduction to Radio and Television, Applied Writing, Contemporary News Editing, History of Journalism, etc.

English (Sports English): Basic English, Advanced English, Selected Readings in Newspapers and Magazines, Audiovisual, Speaking, English Writing, Translation Theory and Practice, Linguistic Theory, Introduction to Linguistics, Selected Literary History and Literary Works in Major English-speaking Countries, National Conditions .

Tourism (Sports Tourism): Tourism Management, Tourism Policies and Regulations, China Tourism Geography, Tourism Psychology, Tourism Economics, Tourism Marketing, Tourism English, Tourism Accounting, Introduction to Tourism, Tourism Culture, Tourism Resource Development Management, attractions planning and management, tourism security, tourism financial management, tourism project management, tourism information systems, etc.

Management (Sports Management): Public Management, Public Policy, Human Resource Management, Management Secretaries, Introduction to E-Government, Administration, Public Relations, etc.

Education (physical education): sports training, major theory and practice, sports material selection, sports nutrition and recovery, sports training management, sports psychology, sports physiology, sports biomechanics, and pedagogy.

The main practical teaching links include three parts: graduation thesis, internship, and social practice.

Years of study: four years

Degree awarded: Bachelor of Education

Similar majors: physical education, social sports

Common vocabulary for sports training

Physical training

It is an important part of sports training. It enables athletes to master and improve sports technology and tactics, create excellent results, and lay a solid physical foundation. Physical training is divided into general physical training and special physical training. General physical training aims to improve the physical health of athletes, improve the functions of various organ systems, comprehensively develop sports quality, and improve body shape. The special physical training aims to develop the special sports quality and adapt the body shape to the special requirements.

Athletic training

A major part of physical training. It uses a variety of training methods and methods to develop athletes' strength, speed, endurance, flexibility, sensitivity and other sports qualities (such as the speed endurance of football players, the explosive power of throwing athletes, the flexibility of gymnasts, etc.) The higher the level of development of sports quality, the more conducive to the improvement of sports performance.

Sports training

A collective name for reasonable and effective specialized movements that can give full play to the athlete's physical ability. Reasonable and effective are relative, because sports technology changes and perfects with the continuous development of practice. In many sports (such as ball games and gymnastics), sports techniques are divided into basic and difficult techniques. The basic technology is aimed at the difficult technology of the sport and is the basis for mastering the difficult technology of the sport. The solidity of basic technology directly affects the improvement of sports skills, the ability to use technology and tactics in intense competition, and ultimately affects the creation of excellent sports performance. High difficulty technology plays a direct role in creating excellent sports performance. High difficulty technology plays an important role in the training of high-level athletes.

Sports training sports tactics

In the game, according to the situation of the two sides, the correct distribution of strength, give full play to their own strengths, restrain the opponent's strengths, and win the game. The collective project also includes the organizational form of collective cooperation and coordinated actions of the offensive and defensive parties. Tactics are formed on the basis of certain physical conditions and sports skills, and are closely related to the rules of the game. The development of tactics also puts forward new and higher requirements for physical conditions and sports technology. In a match where the strengths of both sides are equal, the correct use of tactics is particularly important for winning the match.

Sports training sports strategy

For a sport, it refers to a global problem that the sport must solve in the course of its development. The ups and downs of any movement are closely linked to the deployment of strategic decisions. The main issues involved in the strategy are: multi-year development planning; popularization and improvement measures (including promotion activities from children and adolescents, distribution of key areas, organization of training networks at all levels, establishment of training bases, training and training of outstanding athletes Organizational arrangements for major competitions at home and abroad, training of reserve forces, selection and interconnection of teams responsible for improving tasks on the 1, 2, and 3 lines, and the formulation of corresponding policies and regulations; the development of technical and tactical guidelines and training Style; training and improvement of teachers, coaches and referees; construction of corresponding scientific theory and material facilities, and reasonable investment.

Sports training training cycle

A training process consisting of three closely linked periods of preparation, competition, and rest periods is called a training cycle. Sports training follows such training cycles one after the other and is carried out again and again. The latter training cycle is based on the previous training cycle and places higher requirements on the athletes.

Sports training training level

Refers to the level of functional development of athletes' various organ systems. The functions of the athlete's organ systems can bear a large exercise load. A strong ability to adapt to training and competition indicates that the athlete's training is high.

Sports training training level

Comprehensive evaluation of the development degree of athletes' organ system function, sports quality, technology, tactics, psychological quality and other aspects. The level of training is wider than the extent of training.

Sports training training means

In order to solve the problems of athletes in sports quality, technology, and tactics, the measures taken specifically include the meaning of training content and methods. For example, in order to solve the problem of insufficient kick strength of running athletes, repeated uphill run exercises are used on the slope track. This special measure includes both training content (running on the slope track) and training methods ( Repeated training method), called training means in training.

Common vocabulary for sports training 2

Sports training intelligence training

Refers to the training of athletes' intelligence in sports training. Intelligence includes: the ability to observe, the ability to receive information, the ability to remember, the ability to imagine, the ability to think, the ability to analyze and solve problems, and a combination of the above-mentioned capabilities. The level of cultural and scientific knowledge of athletes is closely related to the development of intelligence. Intelligence also has a direct impact on creating excellent athletic performance.

Sports training will training

Will is the psychological process by which people consciously overcome difficulties through actions in order to achieve their stated purpose. Will training is to enable athletes to set clear goals in training, such as improving training consciousness and enthusiasm, increasing confidence in participating in competitions for victory, and courage to overcome all difficulties in training and competition. A strong will must be gradually developed in the long-term and strict training practice. Without a strong will, it is difficult to insist on intense training and win in fierce competition, and it is especially difficult to change from passive to active under adverse circumstances.

Sports training training critical

The ability of athletes to adapt to training and competition mainly reflects that there is a certain limit in bearing exercise load. There is a boundary line. This boundary line is called the training critical line. If the exercise load during training does not reach this boundary, it indicates that the athlete still has potential; if it exceeds this boundary, not only the performance of the sports is not good, but also overtraining and injuries may occur. The specific situation of each athlete is different, and the critical line of training is also different. Mastering the critical line of training is a key to the success of sports training.

Sports training resume training

Refers to the use of reasonable means and methods to eliminate physical and mental fatigue of athletes after training and competition. Resumption training can restore the function of the organism and the spirit of the athletes in time to meet new training operations and competitions. It is of great significance to improve athletes' athletic ability and create excellent athletic performance. Recovery training can use a variety of methods and methods such as relaxing exercises, adjusting exercise load, supplementing nutrition, massage, various bathing, hypnosis, psychological adjustment and so on.

Athletic training

Athletes reach their best condition for excellent athletic performance. In this state, the performance of the athlete's various organ systems reaches the highest level, can adapt to intense training and competition, and the recovery process is relatively fast; the sports quality is closely combined with the special sports technology, and the movement is accurate, proficient, and coordinated, with a high The effect is high; emotions are high, self-feeling is good, tenacious will, have full confidence to complete training and competition tasks, and win victory. The competitive state can be formed only through scientific training arrangements. It has three stages: gain, relative stability, and temporary disappearance. The training arrangements must ensure that a competitive state is formed before a major competition and that it remains relatively stable during the competition period in order to create outstanding results in major competitions.

Training volume and intensity

These are two aspects of exercise load. The main factors that affect the amount of load are: the number of exercises, time, distance, weight and weight. Calculating the load is to calculate the sum of these factors. For example, the load of a swimmer in a training session is to calculate the total distance traveled by the class. The main factors that affect the magnitude of the load intensity are: the density of the exercise, the speed used to complete each exercise, the weight load, and the percentage of the exercise performed at a greater speed or weight. To determine the magnitude of the load intensity, the general simple method is to measure the number of pulses per minute of the athlete after the exercise. The amount of load and the intensity of the load are interrelated, indivisible, and unity of opposites. The load intensity reflects the intensity of the exercise and the impact on the athlete's body. However, a certain amount has a certain strength. If the amount is large, the increase in strength is limited to a certain extent. If the strength is large, the increase in quantity is also affected to a certain extent. The effect of strength on the athlete's body is more important than quantity. When arranging exercise load, the increase and decrease of quantity and intensity must cooperate with each other, which is scientific and reasonable.

Special training ability

Refers to the athlete's adaptability to the training and competition of the sport they are engaged in. The strong special ability indicates that the athlete has a high degree of adaptability to special training and competitions, can perform high-intensity special trainings and competitions, and can obtain better special sports performance.

Evaluation of exercise training

Measuring and evaluating the training level of athletes is an important task in sports training. Measurement refers to the selection of appropriate means and methods to observe, measure, and test all aspects of the athlete's training level, and collect materials related to the actual situation and effect of training; evaluation refers to the collation, statistics, Analysis, so as to make a realistic and accurate assessment of the training level of athletes, in order to find problems in training, and provide a basis for improving the quality of training.

Sports training training mechanism

The training system refers to the organization and leadership system of sports training established in order to achieve sports training tasks and ensure the improvement of sports performance, as well as related important systems. Training network refers to the training organization at all levels. China's training network is based on the training of primary and secondary sports teams, and consists of amateur sports schools-key amateur sports schools (or sports schools)-outstanding athletes at or above the provincial level.