What is photothermal therapy?
Photothermal therapy (PTT) is an alternative treatment of cancer that uses electromagnetic radiation to kill malignant tumors. There are three types of photothermal therapy: traditional, plasmonic photothermal therapy (PPTT) and photodynamic therapy. The PTT tradition uses radiation, along with dyes capable of absorbing radiation at the tumor site. Plasmonic photothermal therapy relies on infrared or almost infrared light and electron clouds. Photodynamic therapy uses free radicals and radiation with photosensitators, which are medicines that make the skin more permeable for X -rays.
During photothermal therapy, lasers with wavelengths are from 650 nm to 980 nm focused on tumors for a few minutes, generally no more than six, which smoothes them by located heat. In all forms of photothermal cancer therapy, there is a risk that normal tissue surrounding the tumor can absorb heat from radiation and damage. Yet patients with cancer are attracted to photomedIcin because it does not require invasive surgery. It is often used to treat breast cancer and prostate cancer.
Some forms of photothermal therapies have different benefits and harm. One pity associated with PTT is a photo -ording or lightening of the skin above the area where a tumor is buried, caused by laser beams used for direct radiation. Two disadvantages are connected by PPTT. Plasmonic phototermal therapy cannot penetrate enough to treat deeply buried tumors, and requires the use of drugs on photocitation that remain inside the body for a long time, causing the skin to be easily burned by light. Photodynamic therapy can allegedly treat deep tumors without bleaching skin and load the body with photosensitators.
Some methods of photothermal therapy use nanotechnology to make electromagnetic radiation more effective. Nanoshells, a slight particles with metal covers, can intensively absorb fromŽárení. After inserting into Nanoshelly cancer tumors, the likelihood that the cells will be removed by radiation increases. Some studies suggest that nanoshelly phototherapy can be effective up to 90 percent with cancer remission.
In order to ensure that the radiation is directed to the correct places and monitoring the temperatures of the treated body tissues, the imaging tools are displayed to see inside the body during photomedicin therapy. Such tools include ultrasound that uses sound waves to create internal images. Another tool is a photoacoustic display that uses light waves and sound waves to create an image. He can help doctors see how cancer and surrounding tissue tumors occur during photothermal therapy; This warning monitoring can prevent the destruction of healthy tissue and the verification of cancer cells actually died after irradiation.