What Is the Connection Between Acetaminophen and Kidneys?

Acetaminophen is an acetanilide antipyretic analgesic, also known as paracetamol . White crystal or crystalline powder; odorless, slightly bitter. It is used for fever, and can also be used to relieve mild to moderate pain, such as headache, muscle pain, joint pain, neuralgia, dysmenorrhea, cancerous pain and postoperative pain relief.

This product is white crystal or crystalline powder; odorless, slightly bitter.

This product is soluble in hot water or ethanol, soluble in acetone and slightly soluble in water.

This product is an acetanilide antipyretic and analgesic, also known as paracetamol, which is a metabolite of phenacetin in the body and belongs to aniline. Hypothalamus

It is easily absorbed orally, its blood concentration reaches a peak value from 0.5 to 1 h, and 95% of the body is inactivated by combining with glucuronic acid or sulfuric acid. 5% is converted into metabolites that are toxic to the liver through hydroxylation, and all are excreted from the urine.

It is used for fever, and can also be used to relieve mild to moderate pain, such as headache, muscle pain, joint pain, neuralgia, dysmenorrhea, cancerous pain and postoperative pain relief. This product can be used in patients who are allergic or intolerant to aspirin. This product is not effective for a variety of severe pain and visceral smooth muscle colic.

This product is a drug substance, which needs to be processed into preparations. This product should not be used for a long time. The antipyretic course should not exceed 3 days, and the analgesia should not exceed 10 days.

At regular doses, acetaminophen has few adverse reactions, occasionally causing nausea, vomiting, sweating, abdominal pain, pale skin, etc. In a few cases, allergic dermatitis (rash, skin itching, etc.), agranulocytosis, and thrombocytopenia , Anemia, liver damage, etc., rarely cause gastrointestinal bleeding.

Allergic to this product and severe liver and kidney dysfunction are prohibited.

(1) Cross-allergic reactions: Those who are allergic to aspirin generally do not have an allergic reaction to this product, but there are reports of a few patients with wheezing due to aspirin allergy (<5% = mild bronchospasm can occur after application of this product) Sexual response.

(2) The following situations should be used with caution:

When alcoholism, liver disease or viral hepatitis, there is a danger of increasing liver toxicity;

Renal insufficiency, although it can be used occasionally, but if used for a long time, there is a risk of increasing renal toxicity.

(3) Hematology and liver function should be checked regularly during long-term treatment.

(4) Interference to laboratory inspection:

blood glucose measurement and application

(1) Long-term use of this product in patients with long-term alcohol or other liver enzyme inducers, especially barbiturates or anticonvulsants, is more at risk of liver toxicity.

(2) Combining this product with chloramphenicol can extend the latter's half-life and enhance its toxicity.

(3) Combined with anticoagulants, anticoagulant effect can be enhanced, so the dosage of anticoagulants should be adjusted.

(4) Long-term large amount with aspirin and other

Overdose, including poisoning, can quickly cause symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, diarrhea, anorexia, and sweating, and can last for 24 hours. Hepatic impairment occurs within 2 to 4 days, manifested as pain in the liver, hepatomegaly, jaundice, or impairment of renal function, such as oliguria and elevated serum creatinine. Liver dysfunction can reach its peak on the 3rd to 5th days, and obvious liver failure, renal tubular necrosis, and even renal failure can occur on the 4th to 6th days. Relief should be given in time to the antagonist N-acetylcysteine (140mg / kg orally by weight at the beginning, then 70mg / kg once every 4 hours for a total of 17 times; in severe cases, intravenous administration can be used to dissolve the drug Intravenous drip in 200ml of 5% glucose solution) or oral methionine, has a protective effect on the liver. Antagonists should be applied as soon as possible, and the effect is satisfactory within 12 hours, and the effect is less than 24 hours. Other therapies should also be given, such as intravenous infusion and / or diuresis to promote excretion, and hemodialysis. ^[3]