What Is Thrombolytic Therapy?

Thrombolytic drugs are drugs that promote fibrinolysis and dissolve thrombus. Fibrinolysis in the body is a series of protease-catalyzed chain reactions. The first stage is the activation of activators in plasma or tissues and conversion to plasminogen activator; the second stage is the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin; fiber Protein or fibrinogen is broken down. Thrombolytic enzymes can directly or indirectly act on all links of the fibrinolytic system. The plasmin system consists of plasminogen, plasmin, activated zymogen, and inhibitor.

Basic Information

Drug Name

Thrombolytic drugs

Main indications

Deep vein embolism, peripheral arterial embolism, acute myocardial infarction, etc.

Adverse reactions

Bleeding from skin, mucous membranes, ecchymosis, visceral bleeding, etc.

Main medication contraindications

Active visceral bleeding, history of hemorrhagic stroke, intracranial tumor disabling

Application of thrombolytic drugs

It is used for thromboembolic diseases, such as deep vein embolism, peripheral arterial embolism, acute myocardial infarction, acute pulmonary embolism, and acute ischemic stroke.

Thrombolytic Drug Adverse Reactions

Common superficial bleeding, such as skin, mucosal and vascular puncture site bleeding, ecchymosis, can also be visceral bleeding, such as gastrointestinal bleeding, hemoptysis, hematuria, retroperitoneal bleeding, cerebral hemorrhage and so on. Patients with severe bleeding may die. Occasionally hemolytic anemia, jaundice and elevated ALT; secondary embolism (pulmonary embolism, cerebral embolism, etc.) after thrombolysis, allergic reactions.

Precautions for thrombolytic drugs

The use of thrombolytic drugs needs to prevent severe bleeding. Patients with active visceral hemorrhage, previous hemorrhagic stroke, ischemic stroke or cerebrovascular event, intracranial tumor, suspicious aortic dissection within 1 year are prohibited. Patients with severe liver or renal insufficiency are disabled. Pregnant and lactating women, women who give birth within 10 days of delivery, patients who have undergone tissue biopsy, venipuncture, major surgery, severe gastrointestinal bleeding, secondary to liver and kidney disease and bleeding tendency or coagulopathy should be used with caution.

Thrombolytic drugs in combination with warfarin, antiplatelet drugs, heparin, and other drugs that affect blood clotting can increase the risk of bleeding. Thrombolytic therapy with a certain thrombolytic agent, if the vessel reopens, if another infarction occurs, other thrombolytic agents can be used.

(Note: The above content is only for introduction, the drug use must be carried out by a regular hospital under the guidance of a doctor.)