What Is Total Parenteral Nutrition?
Total parenteral nutrition refers to a treatment method in which nutrients are input completely via the intravenous route to maintain the body's normal physiological needs and promote disease recovery.
Total parenteral nutrition
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- Drug Name
- Total parenteral nutrition
- Foreign name
- total parenteral alimentation; TPA; TPN
- Whether prescription drugs
- prescription
- Total parenteral nutrition refers to a treatment method in which nutrients are input completely via the intravenous route to maintain the body's normal physiological needs and promote disease recovery.
- 1. OK
- 1. The input of total parenteral nutrition solution should generally not be too fast. It should be kept constant, and pay attention to whether any foreign protein input causes allergic reactions.
- 2. Under strict aseptic operation conditions, the hypertonic glucose, amino acid and fat emulsion of the whole parenteral nutrition solution are mixed into a nutrition sack and dripped intravenously. A double dropper can also be used to drip the amino acid solution and hypertonic glucose into the double dropper at the same time, and then enter the vein after mixing. In the infusion device, the air entering from the air inlet pipe should be filtered and disinfected by 75% ethanol solution.
- 3. After the infusion, 2-3ml of 3.84% citric acid solution can be injected into the central venous catheter, the needle plug is blocked with a sterile "needle plugging device", and then wrapped and fixed with sterile gauze. When infusion the next day, remove the "needle blocker" and connect the double dropper device. It can be dripped continuously within 24h according to the total amount of liquid.
- 4. Total parenteral nutrition infusion catheters should not be used for blood drawing, blood transfusion, plasma transfusion, platelet transfusion, etc., and should prevent blood return and block the catheter.
- 5. If the patient has a high fever, he should look for the cause. If he is suspected to be caused by an intravenous catheter, or if no other cause is found, he should remove the catheter, cut off the end, and send it for bacterial culture and drug sensitivity tests. The surrounding veins are replenished with an appropriate amount of fluid.
- 6. During the infusion, measure the blood electrolyte once every 2-3 days, and measure it every day if necessary. If possible, daily nitrogen balance should be determined. Urine glucose should be measured every 6h in the first few days, blood glucose once a day, and urine glucose once a day thereafter, and liver and kidney function should be reviewed regularly.
- 7. Pay attention to observe the symptoms of hypertonic non-keto coma, such as blood sugar> 11.2mmol / L (200mg / dl) or urine sugar over (+++), increase the amount of insulin and slow down the drip rate.
- 8. In long-term total parenteral nutrition therapy, if the condition requires, blood transfusion or plasma should be performed 1-2 times a week.