What Are the Different Types of Human Enzymes?
About 4,000 enzymes have been discovered so far, and the number of enzymes in the organism is much larger. With the development of life sciences such as biochemistry and molecular biology, more new enzymes will be discovered. For the convenience of research and use, it is necessary to classify known enzymes and give them scientific names. In 1961, the Enzyme Committee of the International Society of Biochemistry recommended a new systematic naming scheme and classification method, which has been accepted by the International Society of Biochemistry. Decide that each enzyme should have a system name and a custom name.
Enzyme classification
Right!
- About 4000 kinds have been discovered so far
- The names of enzymes used before 1961 were customarily used and became customary names. It is based on two principles:
- Nomenclature by substrate
- Like catalysis
- The principle of the international system nomenclature is based on the overall reaction catalyzed by the enzyme. It is stipulated that the name of each enzyme should clearly indicate the substrate and the enzyme.
- The International Council of Enzymes, according to the types of reactions catalyzed by various enzymes, divides enzymes into 6 categories, namely redox enzymes, transferases, hydrolase, lyases, isomerases and ligases . Represented by 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 respectively. According to the characteristics of the groups or bonds in the substrate, each major category is divided into several sub-categories, and each sub-category is sequentially numbered as 1, 2, 3, 4 ... Each sub-category can be subdivided into sub-categories, which are still numbered 1, 2, 3, 4 ... The classification number of each enzyme consists of 4 numbers, and the numbers are separated by ".". The first number indicates which of the 6 categories the enzyme belongs to; the second number indicates which subclass the enzyme belongs to; the third number indicates which subsubclass the enzyme belongs to; the fourth number indicates The number of the enzyme in the sub-subclass. The number is preceded by EC (short for Enzyme Commission). For example: EC1.1.1 means oxidoreductase, which acts on the CHOH group and the receptor is NAD + or NADP +; 1.1.2 means oxidoreductase, which acts on the CHOH group, and the receptor is cytochrome; 1.1.3 means oxidoreductase , Acting on the CHOH group, the receptor is molecular oxygen; the fourth number in the number only indicates the position of the enzyme in the sub-subclass. This system naming principle and system numbering are quite strict. An enzyme can only have one name and one number. All newly discovered enzymes can be properly numbered according to this system. The type and reaction properties of the enzyme can be understood from the number of the enzyme. The following atlas lists the enzyme classification, indicating the enzyme number, system name, custom name, and the reaction catalyzed.