What Is the Alimentary Canal?

The digestive tract is a very long muscular tube that extends from the mouth to the pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and finally the anal canal ^[1] , including the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, and small intestine (duodenum, jejunum). , Ileum), large intestine (cecum, appendix, colon, rectum) and anal canal ^[1] .

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The digestive tract is a pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and finally anal canal that continues from the mouth ^[1]

Included during digestion

The digestion of food begins in the mouth.

Food digestion and absorption need to pass

The anatomical and physiological characteristics of the digestive tract in children are as follows:

(1) Oral cavity: the oral mucosa of the baby is delicate, and the blood supply is rich,

During pregnancy, due to the effects of pregnancy, a series of physiological changes occur in various systems. The physiological changes in the digestive tract are as follows:

(1) Oral changes: Insufficient calcium intake by pregnant women or excessive fetal growth can cause calcium deficiency, causing pregnant women's teeth to loosen; due to the effects of a large amount of estrogen in pregnant women, pregnant women's gums become congested, their gums soften and their gums swell; The vagus nerve of pregnant women is in an excited state, which leads to increased saliva secretion in pregnant women. All of the above factors will affect the eating of pregnant women to varying degrees, such as reduced food intake, preference for soft food, or excessively fine eating.

(2) Gastrointestinal changes: nausea, vomiting, and food choices may occur in early pregnancy; because the sphincter of the cardia is loose, the contents of the stomach easily return to the lower end of the esophagus, causing heartburn; due to the relationship between the progestin produced by the placenta, It can reduce the tension of stomach and intestinal smooth muscle of pregnant women, weaken the activity, reduce the secretion of gastric acid, and reduce the peristalsis of gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, pregnant women often experience abdominal distension, decreased appetite, constipation and so on.