What is the importance of myelin?

Myelin is a substance that closes axons of neurons and provides electrical insulation that helps the function of the nervous system. The importance of this substance is most visible in the types of diseases that develop when it is damaged or destroyed. Demyelinizing diseases such as multiple sclerosis are degenerative conditions that can cause hearing and hearing loss, progressive loss of limb function and many other muscle coordination and control symptoms.

neurons are cells that form the central nervous system. Each cell has a long tail structure called Axon, which extends into the extracellular space. Axons establish contact with other axons or with cells or gland cells, transmit nerve pulses in the form of electricity. Myelin, oily protein, is covered with every axon in a layer called a shell. This protein is a dielectric material, which means it provides electrical insulation of axon in the vagina.

Electric insulation, any protein provides two important roles thatThey contribute and are essential for the function of a healthy nervous system. One of them is that Myelin helps maintain an electric current in the axon. It does in two ways: by increasing its electrical resistance and reducing its capacity. Increasing electrical resistance prevents electricity loss outside the cell, while reducing capacity reduces the ability of axon to store electricity.

The main function of the protein is to help nerve impulses to move along the axon, increasing the speed at which these pulses are able to travel. It does this through a process called Saltoratory Conduction, which allows impulses to "skip" along the axon, similar to the way the thrown stone can skip along the water level. This skip of movement allows impulses to travel faster than they would have to travel under the whole axon.

Myelin is essential for healthy nerve functions. Without it axons become mnOhem less effective in electricity transmission, resulting in symptoms of disease when a large number of axons are made. Many of the most famous demyelinization diseases, including multiple sclerosis, are the result of an autoimmune reaction in which the immune system gradually destroys myelin in the central nervous system. The destruction of this basic protein reduces the speed at which the electrical impulses travel along the axons, leading to a significant disruption of the nervous system. The human body is capable of repairing this destroying at a very limited pace, but the progression of demyelinization diseases eventually exceeds the ability of the body's repair systems.