What are the cost of starting?

Starting costs refer to the cost of sending a payload from Earth to space, specifically the low orbit of the Earth (Leo). The typical market costs today are $ 10,000 (USD) per kilogram ($ 4,500 to $ 11,000 per pound), although some countries subsidize space, which sometimes reduces the cost of $ 4,000 per kilogram ($ 1,800 per pound). With a typical five tonne communication satellite, this increases up to $ 20 million and $ 125 million. When launching a shuttle, which weighs about 2,000 tons, the price of about $ 800 million or nearly a billion dollars is. Including additional expenditure, the total average price for a space shuttle in a space -flying flight is approximately $ 1.5 billion. Obviously, this is expensive in space. The costs of launching chemical missiles were reduced a bit through innovation (private space flights) and also equatorial services (such as SEA opening). Launching a rocket from the equator may minimize the necessary fuel by using the Earth to reduce the NagDy to start a considerable margin. Starting costs can be somewhat reduced using repeatedly usable starting vehicles, but poor cost performance has caused many of them to question this idea. There is a consensus that the actual breakthrough in lowering the start -up costs will require the use of a new method to get into space.

Because space travel began by launching Sputnik in 1957, scientists were looking for ways to use a method other than chemical rocketry to achieve space. It has been found that a sufficiently long cannon can be used to start a useful load resistant to acceleration into space, but no country has yet been pushed by one, although several companies are trying. A similar concept, a trigger loop, would speed up the useful load using powerful magnets to leak speed and then lowered it up. Such an approach would also requireOkal useful loads resistant to accelerate, because the acceleration of the payload would be in the range of thousands of gravitations.

Another proposed method of reducing the cost of the market is the construction of a cosmic elevator, a concept that can gain some funding and attention in the United States and Japan. The cosmic elevator would consist of an extremely long carbon nanotube cable with a counterweight in a geosynchronous orbit. Although the achievement of orbity would still require that of the same amount of energy, it could be spent gradually rather than within a few minutes, which will significantly expand the number of options that could be used to get useful in orbit.