What is Elisa's test?

ELISA test is a test process that detects substances to identify certain diseases, allergies and illegal drugs in the body. It is also known to be used to detect human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Some of the substances that can detect are antibodies, hormones and proteins. The main principle of the ELISA test is that the chemical reaction between the patient's patient and the specific laboratory sample shows the presence of a certain substance associated with a specific disease or health condition. Elisa as an abbreviation means "enzyme -bound immunosorbent test". In the 60s of the 20th century, two independent groups of scientists at the head of Stratis Avrameas and G.B. Pierce has become successful in partnership with certain antibodies with certain enzymes and produced a chemical reaction from the combination. With these knowledge, two scientists at the University of Stockholm, Peter Perlmann and Eva EngVall, have been invented by the ELISA, published their experiments and the system for the 1971 test.Dioimunoassay is still available because of its lower costs.

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There are two common types of ELISA test: a direct and indirect method, the second is commonly used. The first step would be to extract the patient from the patient, usually blood or urine, which may be subject to the separation process for extraction of clear serum containing antibodies. The Elisa set often contains a plate that contains 96 mini-lacquers called "Wells", which will be covered with an antigen that can respond to the current antibody. Antigen is often considered to be a foreign substance that the bodies of attacking specific antibodies, so if the patient has obtained antigen from a certain disease, its serum should contain antibodies that correspond to the antigen.

The patient's serum will then be poured into the wells and then incubated to maintain the antibodies. After the incubation period the wells are rinsed to remove the restSerum and other antibodies that did not open on the coating. Another set of antibodies extracted from animals, usually rats, will be poured into wells for detecting human antibodies and there is another incubation period and animal antibodies will be reinforced. The enzyme substrate will then be added, so the reaction can be visibly seen in the colors. Usually, a strong color shade will indicate a positive result, which means that the patient has a disease or other health conditions tested.