What is endolitical biom?
Endolitical (meaning "inside the rock") Biome is a biome located below the surface of the Earth. Other examples of biomes include Savanna, Desert and Jungle. Endolitical bioma consists solely of microbes living in small pores and cracks of rocks and extends to at least 3 km (9 600 feet) below the surface. Endolitical bioma can be considered the closest biom on Earth due to the almost complete absence of sunlight, oxygen and most nutrients. Endolitical microbes were kindly referred to as "bugs from hell".
Endolitical biom is the last biome discovered. Serious examination began only at the beginning of the 90's. The most popular place for studying these microbes is the gold mines, some of which are up to two miles below the surface. Found microbes are either bacteria or archaea. All microbes in the endolithic biome are extreme, which means that they thrive in extreme conditions of heat or absence of nutrients.
microbes in endolithic biome is very slowly reproduced due to rarenutrients. Many energy is spent to repair damage from space rays. Preliminary studies suggest that some species can rarely participate in cell division as once every 100 years. On the other hand, some surface microbes are replicated every 30 minutes.
Endolitian bioma investigators indicate that the main limiting factor in the penetration of microbes is the temperature rather than the density of rocks or chemical factors. Judging by hypertermophilic ("super-hating") organisms such as the recently discovered trunk 121, capable of reproducing a temperature of 121 ° C (250 ° F), autoclave temperature, endolitical organisms can exist up to 4.5 km (2.8 mi) below continental bark and 7.5 km) below the ocean level. Due to the costs associated with such deep kicking depths have been made. However, scientists suspect that endolitical bioma can represent a significant percentage of global biomass.
thereforeE The conditions of endolitical biome are similar to the conditions that could occur on planets such as Mars or Moons of Jupiter, the biome studies were financed by agencies such as NASA, interested in their consequences on the possibility of extraterrestrial life.