What Is a Loan Register?

The loan certificate is issued by the People's Bank of China to an enterprise applying for a loan certificate, and it is a qualification certificate that an enterprise must provide to borrow from a bank. The significance of implementing the "loan certificate" system for financial institutions is: improving loan transparency and reducing credit risk; facilitating banks to manage the quality of credit assets; and helping financial institutions to clear up risky loans. The loan certificate was first created by Shenzhen. It was promoted twice by the People's Bank of China to the national organization in 1991 and 1995. It has since evolved into a mature national "loan card" system today.

Loan certificate

No innovation is created out of thin air, and it must have its objective social and historical background. The birth of the loan certificate in the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone is also inseparable from the special economic environment and financial conditions here. After half a year of intensive preparation and discussion, the Shenzhen Loan Certificate System was officially promulgated and implemented on April 1, 1991. This is a major measure explored by the SAR after ten years of hard work to strengthen credit management and deepen financial reform.

No innovation is created out of thin air, and it must have its objective social and historical background. Similarly, the birth of the loan certificate in the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone is also inseparable from the special economic environment and financial conditions here.

As we all know, Shenzhen is the earliest special economic zone established in China. At the beginning of construction, it was clearly stated that the economic construction of the special zone adheres to the "four main" guidelines, namely: construction funds to

1. Certification records and annual audit records;

2. Enterprise profile;

Bank deposit account

Borrowers who hold the Business License for Enterprise Legal Persons issued by the administrative department for industry and commerce must apply for a Loan Certificate to the issuing authority of the People's Bank of their registered area. An enterprise can only receive one Loan Certificate. Branches of large, cross-regional enterprise groups have been

After the enterprise obtains the loan certificate, it is eligible to go through the loan repayment procedures.

When an enterprise applies for a loan, the credit department of a financial institution must check the loan certificate of the borrowing enterprise. After deciding to lend to them, the loan officer must register one by one on the loan certificate and sign and seal it.

When a company returns a loan, it should hold the loan repayment certificate and loan prepared by the accounting department of the financial institution

In April 1996,

Loan certificate means to strengthen financial management

First, loan certificates are a powerful means to strengthen financial and credit management. Because Shenzhen does not impose any restrictions on the opening and lending of banks in enterprises, enterprises open and open loans everywhere, from as few as a dozen, as many as dozens or hundreds. In the end, no one bank or other department can figure out the account opening and loan for a company; some companies with large loans can't even figure out how many households they have opened and how much they have borrowed. Some criminals used these conditions to commit crimes. After the crime was committed, they could not be traced and investigated. In some cases, they also cheated loans to flee. After the loan is confirmed, how much money the company has loaned, from which bank, who reviews and approves, etc. It is clear at a glance when the loan certificate is checked.

Loan certificate perfects mutual restraint mechanism

Second, the loan certificate strengthens the mutual restraint mechanism between banks. The loan certificate truly reflects the situation of corporate loans, which not only puts great pressure on enterprises, but also puts pressure on various loan banks. Because the loan certificate reflects the situation of corporate loans, it also reflects the situation and quality of the loans issued by the loan banks. If a bank's loan fails to be returned at maturity, or if it has been renewed several times, it means that the bank's loan has a problem and the management level is low. Therefore, the loan certificate restricts each bank from being allowed to make excessive loans, thereby improving the overall credit management level.

Loan certificate makes money really work for the blade

Third, the loan certificate allows credit funds to be really used at the blade. Because each loan of a company must be reflected in the loan certificate, the loan certificate can increase the transparency of corporate loans. Since each bank issues a loan, it must be registered on the loan certificate, which can increase the transparency between professional banks. The People's Bank of China should issue, review and manage loan certificates, which can increase the transparency between the central bank and professional banks. As a result, banks are encouraged to issue loans in accordance with the principles of economic efficiency and economies of scale, so that credit funds can be reasonably allocated, which can truly support the advantages and disadvantages, ensure the focus, and allow the credit structure to be automatically and reasonably adjusted. The macro-control measures are really implemented.

Loan certificate provides true information

Fourth, the loan certificate can provide a lot of real situation and information for the central bank to formulate monetary policy and regulate the macro economy. We link the implementation of the loan certificate with the establishment of Shenzhen enterprise economic archives. The specific method is: an enterprise applying for a loan certificate must provide the People's Bank of China with six certification documents and fill out four basic information sheets of the enterprise. These contents are numbered according to different ownership and industry conditions, and entered into the computer. Analysis to make up for the shortcomings in our financial statistics, such as statistics on credit structure. In this way, on the one hand, it solves the problem that the central bank cannot directly understand the business situation of the enterprise, and on the other hand, it can master a large amount of economic information of the enterprise through auditing and management. In particular, this work is specifically undertaken by the Survey and Statistics Division, which collects information, studies the macroeconomic situation, and provides services for the formulation of monetary policy, which is more likely to exert direct effects.

At the beginning of the implementation of the loan certificate, we were worried that the implementation of professional banks by the professional banks would be both ineffective and ineffective. But the reality is that the loan certificate is not only an important measure for Shenzhen to strengthen macro finance and credit management, but also directly affects the vital interests of professional banks in protecting credit funds and improving economic efficiency. Therefore, they responded enthusiastically to this system and actively supported it. Once the regulations are promulgated, each bank may meet or forward documents for implementation. The president of Industrial and Commercial Bank of China once held a sample of loan certificates and said at the meeting: "This is a very good system, and we must strictly implement it!" In order to make this system work well, most professional banks require the grassroots units to arrange their work After issuing the loan, the bank copies the record of the loan on the loan certificate and reports it to the branch for the record. In this way, the problem of missed registration of grassroots banks that issue loans is blocked.