What Is a Wage Expense?

Wage Expenses Wage Expenses refer to the situation in which taxpayers pay wages in accordance with those who have signed labor contracts. Enterprises are required to list the salary of personnel and pay personal income tax.

Salary costs

The function of the salary expense distribution module is to allocate the salary expenses that have been issued in the current period to a certain cost and expense account for accounting, so as to comply with the accrual accounting principle.

(1) Distinguish between expenses that should be included in product costs and expenses that should not be included in product costs. Wage expenses should generally be included in the cost of the product, but the salaries of medical and welfare personnel should be determined by

The distribution object of wage expenses can be classified as follows, and the wages of production workers should be allocated to the products or services produced;

Due to the different forms of wages, the methods of allocating wages vary. Now

Depending on the nature of the business:

I. Production-oriented enterprises

The wages of production workers are generally included in "

It is the various labor costs incurred by the enterprise during the production and operation activities, including wages and benefits. Wages are the labor remuneration paid by an enterprise to workers in accordance with the principle of distribution according to work, based on the quantity and quality of labor.

Composition of wages and salaries

1. Hourly wage: Labor remuneration paid to employees according to the hourly wage standard and working hours. The salary standard refers to the amount of wages each employee deserves in unit time.

2. Piece rate: It is divided into individual piece rate and collective piece rate.

3. Bonus: excess labor remuneration paid to employees and labor remuneration for increased income and savings.

4. Allowances and subsidies: allowances paid to employees for special or additional labor consumption and other special reasons, and price subsidies.

5. Overtime pay

6. Wages paid under special circumstances

Wage Expense Original Record

An enterprise shall set up a "salary card" for each employee, which contains information such as the employee's name, title, salary level, and salary standard. The original records for calculating employee wages include "attendance records" and "yield records".

1. Attendance record: It is a record of the attendance and absence of registered employees, and provides a basis for the calculation of hourly wages. form:

Attendance book, attendance card (attendance clock punch card), attendance magnetic card (swipe card)

2. Yield record: It is the original record of the registered worker or production team to complete the quantity, quality and man-hours of the product during the attendance time. Such as dispatch work orders, processing route orders, output notices, etc.

Calculation of wages and salaries

1. Calculation of hourly wages: annual salary system, monthly salary system, weekly salary system, daily salary system, hourly wage system.

Two methods of calculating the hourly wage under the monthly salary system:

Calculated based on monthly deduction of deductible wages for days of absence (subtraction)

Wages due to an employee = the employee's standard monthly salary-(days of leave x standard daily wages)-(days of sick leave x standard daily wages x sick leave deduction rate)

Directly calculated based on the number of working days (addition)

Wages due to an employee = the number of working days of the employee x standard daily wages + number of days of sick leave × standard daily wages × (1-sick leave deduction rate)

Calculation of daily standard salary:

Daily wage rate based on 30 days: Daily standard wage = monthly standard wage ÷ 30

Calculate daily wage rate according to 20.92 days: Daily standard wage = monthly standard wage ÷ 20. 92

Among them, 20. 92 = (36510410] ÷ 12

In an enterprise that calculates the daily wage rate based on 30 days, since holidays are also counted as wages, the holidays during the attendance period are also calculated as the attendance days. Holidays during absences such as leave and sick leave are also deducted based on attendance days. In enterprises that calculate daily wage rates based on 20.92 days, holidays are not counted or deducted.

Example: The monthly salary of a worker in a certain enterprise is 840 yuan. August 31 days, leave 4 days, weekly leave 10 days, attendance 15 days. According to the worker's length of service, his sick leave pay is calculated at 90% of the salary. The worker has no holidays during sick leave and leave. Calculate the wages due to the worker.

Answer: (1) Calculate the daily wage rate based on 30 days.

Daily wage rate = 840 ÷ 30 = 28 (yuan)

Calculated based on monthly deduction of deductible wages for days of absence (subtraction)

Wages payable to an employee = The employee's monthly standard salary-(days of leave x standard daily wages)-(days of sick leave x standard daily wages x rate of sick leave deduction) = 840-4 x 28-2 x 28 x (1-90% ) = 8401125.6 = 722.4 (yuan) http://lyacc.com

Directly calculated based on the number of working days (addition)

Salary due to an employee = The employee's attendance days × daily standard salary + sick leave days × daily standard salary × (1-sick leave deduction rate) = 28 × (15 + 10) + 2 × 28 × 90% = 700 + 50.4 = 750.4 (Yuan)

(2) Calculate daily wages based on 20.92 days:

Salary costs

Daily wage standard = 840 ÷ 20.92 = 40.15 (yuan)

Calculated based on the monthly standard salary deducted from the amount of absence days (deduction):

An employee's wages = 840-4 × 40.15-2 × 40.15 × 10% = 671.37 (yuan)

Directly calculated based on the number of working days (addition)

An employee's wages = 15 × 40.15 + 2 × 40.15 × 90% = 674.52 (yuan)

2. Calculation of piece rate

(1) Calculation of individual piece rate

Method 1: Payable piece-rate wages = (the output of each product produced by a worker × the unit price of the product)

Product output here = quantity of qualified products + quantity of waste materials Waste of waste products: Non-qualified products caused by the fault of non-workers themselves should be calculated and paid. Waste products: unqualified products caused by my fault are not counted and paid.

Unit price of a certain product = Man-hour quota required for production of unit product × Hourly wage rate of workers at this level

Method 2: Payable piece rate payable = Sum of fixed working hours of a worker producing various products × hourly wage rate of the worker

Example: Both A and B products should be processed by level 8 workers. The fixed-rate working hour for product A is 30 minutes, and the fixed-rate working hour for product B is 45 minutes. The hourly wage rate for level 8 workers is 2 yuan. A Grade 8 worker processed 500 A products and 400 B products. Try to calculate its piece rate. answer:

Method 1: Payable piece rate payable = (the output of each product produced by a worker × the unit price of the product) The unit price of product A = the number of working hours required to produce a unit of product × the hourly wage rate of the worker = 30 ÷ 60 × 2 = 1 (yuan) Unit price of product B = 45 ÷ 60 × 2 = 1.5 (yuan)

Piece wages payable = 500 × 1 + 400 × 1.5 = 1100 (yuan)

Method 2: Payable piece rate payable = Sum of fixed working hours of a worker producing various products × hourly wage rate of the worker = (500 × 30 ÷ 60 + 400 × 45 ÷ 60) × 2 = 1100 (yuan)

(2) The calculation of collective piece rate is basically the same as that of individual piece rate.

Collective piece-rate wages also need to be distributed among workers within the collective. Generally, the product of each person's salary and the number of working days should be used as the distribution standard.

Accounting of salary expenses distribution

1. Basis of salary expenses distribution: salary statement, salary settlement summary table.

The table contains information on total wages payable, payment on behalf, withholding payments, and actual amounts paid.

At the end of the month, the distribution of wage costs is based on the total payable wages.

If the monthly salary of the enterprise is similar, in order to simplify the accounting work, it can also be distributed according to the actual salary paid in the month.

2. Accounting processing of salary expenses distribution

The relevant cost and expense accounts should be calculated separately according to the purpose of the salary:

The wages of production workers shall be recorded in the "direct labor" cost item of the "basic production cost" account, the wages of workshop management personnel shall be entered in the "manufacturing expenses" account, and the wages of the auxiliary production department shall be entered in the "auxiliary production cost" account The salaries of medical and welfare personnel shall be credited to the "Welfare Payables" account.

3. Allocation method

The piece-rate wages in the wages of production workers are directly counted as expenses and should be directly counted in the detailed product cost account;

Hourly wages and other wages are generally indirect counting expenses and should be distributed among the beneficiary products.

Distribution standard: production man-hours of the product (actual or fixed man-hours)

Salary costs

Distribution formula:

Distribution rate of wages of production workers = total wages of production workers ÷ sum of actual (fixed) working hours of each product

Wages to be distributed for various products = actual (fixed) working hours of each product × distribution rate

Example: A company's basic production workshop produces three types of products A, B, and C. The hourly wages of the production workers totaled 58,000 yuan, 1,000 products were completed for product A, 400 products were completed for product B, 450 products were completed for product C, and man-hours per product were completed. Quota: 1 hour for product A, 2.5 hours for product B, 2 hours for product C. Calculate the salary costs that should be paid for the distribution of the three products.

answer:

A product total fixed working hours = 1000 × 1 = 1000 (hours)

Total working hours of product B = 400 × 2.5 = 1000 (hours)

Total working hours of C product quota = 450 × 2 = 900 (hours)

Production worker wage distribution rate = 58000 ÷ 2900 = 20

A product should pay wages = 20 × 1000 = 20000 (yuan)

Payable wages for product B = 20 × 1000 = 20000 (yuan)

Product C payable salary = 20 × 900 = 18000 (yuan)

4. Salary Expense Allocation Table (P31)

It should be prepared based on relevant documents such as the salary statement and the summary table of salary settlement.

Accounting of wages and benefits

Accounts processing: The salary expenses can be compared, but the welfare expenses accrued by medical and welfare personnel should be included in the management expenses.

Allocation table of employee benefits. (P32) It is generally prepared by combining with the salary distribution table.

6: Staff overtime payment calculation:

Overtime on weekdays is the hourly wage times the overtime hour times 1.5. Overtime on weekends is hourly wages multiplied by overtime hours multiplied by 2.0. The legal overtime is multiplied by 3.0.