What Is Involved in Land Valuation?

Land valuation is based on the principles, theories and methods of land valuation, on the basis of fully grasping the land market transaction data, according to the economic and natural attributes of the land, according to the quality, grade of the real estate and its general income in real economic activities Conditions, fully consider the impact of socio-economic development, land use methods, land expected returns and land use policies on land returns. The process of comprehensively assessing the price of a piece of land or multiple pieces of land at a certain point in time under a certain right state.

Land valuation

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Land valuation is based on the principles, theories and methods of land valuation, on the basis of fully grasping the land market transaction data, according to the economic and natural attributes of the land, according to the quality, grade and real estate

1. Land valuation must be based on the theory and methods of land valuation.

2. Land valuation must be based on sufficient land market transaction information.

3. Land valuation must be considered

(1) Land valuation helps smooth the land transaction

With the development of the economy, land transactions are becoming more and more frequent, but the economic value of land is changing with the development of the economy. Due to the strong regional nature of the land market, it is not easy to obtain complete price information on the market. Except for professional operating companies, most people in land transactions have little experience in this area. It is necessary to value the land in advance. Only after professionals collect data, analyze and evaluate, buyers and sellers will not be worried about being deceived, and transactions are naturally fast.

(II) Land valuation is helpful for enterprise investment decision

As an important factor of production, land is often one of the main goals of enterprise decision-making. According to the principle of substitution, in order to reach a certain level of production with a certain amount of funds,

Article 33 of the "Law of the People's Republic of China on Urban Real Estate Management" provides:

Basic valuation

Divided into

The background and development process of land valuation in China:

Since the reform and opening up, with the reform of China s urban land use system and the transfer of land into the market for transfer transactions, there has been an objective need for land valuation intermediary services, especially after the enactment of the Land Management Law in 1986. With faster development. With the progress of market-oriented reforms, the stock of construction land originally allocated for land needs to be reconfigured through market mechanisms; land assets need to be reactivated during the reform of state-owned enterprises and strategic structural adjustments; agricultural land markets have begun to form and rural collective construction The land market has developed; governments at all levels have gradually increased the proportion of tenders and auctions in the process of land transfer. These market-oriented reforms have brought more market demand for land valuation intermediary services, and objectively require the expansion of land valuation intermediary services. In order to meet the objective requirements in the market, in 1993, the former State Land Administration formulated the "Interim Measures for the Qualification Examination of Land Appraisers", which provides for a unified national examination for the qualification of land appraisals.

It can be said that the land valuation industry has been born and developed along with the reform of the land use system, and has a history of more than 20 years. Over the past two decades, the land valuation industry has continued to grow and develop in the service of market economy construction and state-owned enterprise reform, land use system reform, and land market construction. It has become an important intermediary industry in China's market economy system. And achieved brilliant achievements.

1. Established a land valuation system and a land valuer qualification system that are compatible with China's market economy system. In the process of China's land use system reform and land market construction, the issue of land price has always been the core issue and prerequisite. A series of systems and systems have been established, from urban land grading and classification to urban benchmark land price calculations, from land transfer prices to land asset management in the reform of state-owned enterprises, from paid land use to operating cities, and land valuation from scratch. For example, a land price system such as a benchmark land price, a calibrated land price, a parcel land price, a dynamic monitoring system for urban land prices, and an expropriated area price;

Established a management system from the registration and publicity of valuation agencies, the filing of valuation reports, and the review and approval of land assets disposal;

Supervision and management mechanisms for land appraisers and institutions such as the land appraiser qualification examination, continuing education, and information disclosure have been established.

On December 19, 2003, the General Office of the State Council transmitted the Notice of the Ministry of Finance on Strengthening and Standardizing the Evaluation of the Industry Management Opinions (Guobanfa [2003] No. 101), which clearly stipulates that the land valuer is based on the current socialist market economy One of the six types of professional qualifications for asset evaluation required by the objective development needs to further clarify the status and role of land appraisers in the construction of a socialist market economy. This is a sufficient opportunity for the State Council to reform and develop the land appraisal industry for more than two decades. sure.

2. Formed a set of land valuation theory method system and technical standard system of land valuation with Chinese characteristics. Has promulgated two national standards and three regulations of the "Urban Land Valuation Regulations", "Urban Land Grading Regulations", "Agricultural Land Grading Regulations", "Agricultural Land Grading Regulations" and "Agricultural Land Valuation Regulations". Industry standards, as well as technical standards such as the Standard Format for Land Valuation Reports and the Technical Specifications for Dynamic Monitoring of Urban Land Prices, published a series of teaching materials for the qualification examination of land valuers, Urban Land Price Survey and Dynamic Monitoring, and Urban Land Price in China Atlas, Urban Real Estate Evaluation and other monographs and numerous research reports, more than 60 colleges and universities have established professional courses in land valuation, forming a series of education and theoretical research systems from undergraduate, master to doctoral.

3. A large-scale professional team specializing in land valuation intermediary services has been formed. There are more than 20,000 qualified land valuers across the country, including tens of thousands of registered land valuers and 2,000 licensed land value agencies. After the three reforms of decoupling, reform of land valuation results confirmation and land asset disposal approval system, reform of land valuation personnel and institutional supervision and management methods, the land valuation industry's personnel quality, institution size, business ability, and competition risk awareness have all been greatly improved. The improvement of land valuation has formed a large-scale professional team of land valuation capable of self-development, self-discipline, self-management, and self-risk.

4. Favorably cooperate with the reform of the land use system and the construction of the land market. According to incomplete statistics from relevant departments, since 1992, the country's total land transfer income has reached more than 1 trillion yuan. The income from land transfer funds is mainly used for local urban construction, which has played an active role in improving the urban environment, speeding up urban infrastructure construction and advancing the construction of land markets. Among them, the evaluation of the transfer of land price and the evaluation of the benchmark urban land price are the basic work for the transfer of land use rights and the construction of the land market.

5. Strongly cooperate with the reform of state-owned enterprises. According to incomplete statistics, a total of nearly 60,000 restructured enterprises have completed land evaluations across the country, and their significant assets have reached hundreds of billions of yuan. They were only confirmed and disposed of by the former National Land Administration and the current Ministry of Land and Resources. There are more than 200 enterprises, involving more than 100,000 parcels of land, including the restructuring of very large group companies such as PetroChina, Sinopec, China Unicom, China Telecom, and China Mobile Communications. The strategic adjustment of the state-owned economy has played an important role in preventing the loss of land assets.

6. The land valuation industry has initially embarked on the road of government supervision, industry self-discipline, independence and impartiality, and independent development. In 2002, the Ministry of Land and Resources, in accordance with the requirements of the State Council's reform of the administrative approval system, reformed the land valuation industry supervision and management method and strengthened industry self-discipline , Has effectively promoted the construction of industry self-regulatory organizations. Land appraisers associations have been established in 28 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities. In 2004 alone, more than ten provinces and cities established self-regulatory organizations for land appraisals. ^[1]