What are different types of genetic disorders?
Usually genetic disorders are caused by abnormalities in human genome. This abnormality may be trivial or main. They generally range from discrete mutations to coarse chromosomal abnormalities. Some genetic disorders are inherited from parents and other disorders are the result of mutations in a group of genes or a single gene. The types of human genetic disorders can be divided into three categories: the inheritance of one gene, multifactorial inheritance and mitochondrial inheritance.
Mutations usually occur randomly or may be related to certain types of environmental exposure. In general, genetic disorders that are caused by mutations in individual genes include cystic fibrosis, Marfan syndrome and sickle anemia. These genetic disorders occur in approximately one of 200 birth and are referred to as monogenetic disorders. Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder that is known for many. It is characterized by an abundant amount of dense mucous membranes that are difficult to report thatBrees an unsolvable cough.
Multifactorial inheritance conditions are caused by mutations in more than one gene. In addition, environmental factors may also be caused. Examples of these genetic disorders include heart disease, Alzheimer's disease and heart disease. In addition, examples of this type of disorder are chronic diseases such as diabetes, cancer and arthritis. Multifactorial inheritance disorders are also associated with inherited features such as height, skin color and eye color.
Generally chromosomal abnormalities are caused by genetic disorders such as Turner's syndrome, Cri du Chat syndrome, which is projected into "Cry of the Cat" and Krinefelter's syndrome. These types of genetic disorders generally occur due to cell division problems. Down syndrome is, for example, a disorder that occurs as a result of three copies of Chromomu 21. Another term that refers to Down syndrome is trisomy 21. Usually Down's syndrome is diagnosed at birth, but it may take months to manifest.
Other types of genetic conditions include mitochondrial inheritance disorders. These conditions are caused by mutation in non -grit mitochondria DNA. Mitochondria concerns small organelles involved in the cell breathing process and is found in the cytoplasm of plants and animal cells. The list of mitochondrial diseases includes epilepsy of myoclonus, Leber's optical atrophy, which is an eye disease, and mitochondrial encephalopathy, a type of dementia.
It is important to realize that many of these conditions are unusual, but big steps in research are carried out to the cause and treatment of such conditions. Many large university faculty hospitals usually have a specially dedicated genetics department and related disorders. Genetic testing is available to individuals who may be looking for information about their genetic disposition. In addition, these tests may be advantageous for exclusionof certain genetic conditions.