What is dispersed axonal injury?

Diffusion axonal damage (DAI) is a type of brain damage that includes damage to the axons caused by the cutting forces that push the tissues in the brain around it. As the "diffuse" suggests in the name, diffuse axonal injury can cover a large area of ​​the brain, unlike focal damage in which damage is concentrated in one area. These injuries can be diagnosed because the damage may not always show in medical imaging studies. Everything that shakes quickly turns or suddenly slows down the head, can lead to scattered axonal damage because it puts tension on the brain. A characteristic symptom of this type of injury is unconsciousness. In approximately 90% of patients, the patient will never gain consciousness after DAI and for 10% who awaken, can be a long process recovery.

This type of brain damage is extremely common with "with among the most narrow types of brain damage. At the slight end of the spectrum, diffuse axonal damage to cause a concussion. More often people bindThey disrupt them. Individuals who regain consciousness generally need a large part of supportive care and the improvement of their condition is usually observed in the first year, although therapy and treatment should continue after this point.

immediate treatment of diffuse axonal injury involves supporting the patient while she or he is unconscious. The pressure inside the skull is carefully monitored to be relieved if it is too high, and the patient can be placed on the fan if breathing problems arise. Patients who do not gain consciousness are required for lifelong support in the therapeutic facility for people with traumatic brain injuries. In patients who awaken, recovery may include physical therapy, Speech therapy, ergotherapy and other support measurements that help the patient regain as much function as possible.

The prognosis for someone with scattered axonal damage varies. Some people very well fromThey will be outer and may not have any long -term effects. Other people may require supportive therapy throughout their lives, but otherwise they would be completely independent and some develop serious disorders that require to always have helpers. Patients who do not gain consciousness are unlikely to improve and the cost of their care can be extremely high.