What is rectal fistula?
Rectovaginal fistula is an abnormal opening that creates a connection between the vagina and the rectum. This may allow the intestine content to spill into the vagina. The size of the passage may vary, so the effects of the condition can range from relatively small to extremely debilitating. The condition can lead to discomfort or pain in the area, especially during sexual intercourse. Because the stool can enter the vagina, they can occur and reappear. Incontinence can also be a problem. If the fistula is infected, it can form an abscess.
Injuries that occur during childbirth are the most common cause of rectal fistulas. During long, difficult work, the tissue between the vagina and the rectum is called the perineum, it can tear. Epiziotomy, where the doctor cuts the perineum, can also cause a tear that can lead to the fistula.
Several other factors can also play a role in creating a rectic fistula. Women with Crohn's disease often develop them, sometimes repeated. Surgery that rangIt is a rectum, vagina or surrounding tissue, is a risk factor. Cancer tumors in this area, as well as the use of radiation for their treatment, can lead to fistula. Other causes may include infections and vaginal trauma.
To see if a woman has a rectal fistula, the doctor first discusses whether she has any possible risk factors that could have caused this condition. Usually there will be a physical test, where the doctor visually explores the area and possibly using gloves, speculum or proctoscope, which will internally explore vagina and anus. If the physical test does not find fistula, additional tests can be ordered. Tests that show the passage of air or dyeing from the rectum to the vagina can be used. Some other options include computer tomography scanning (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound.
Although rectic fistula can be solved by itself, it is oftenNecessary surgery. Depending on the location of the fistula, surgery may be performed by a gynecological surgeon or a colorectal surgeon. Because tissue must be healthy for surgery, antibiotics and anti -inflammatory drugs may need to be used earlier and in some cases the patient may need colostomy in advance. During the surgery, a flap of healthy tissue or graft from another area can be used to close the hole.