What is the intestinal polyp?
intestinal polyp is to grow or increase the intestinal mucosa. Intestinal polyps can be classified as neoplastic or neoplastic. Neoplastic polyps have the potential to become cancer, while neoplastic polyps are inflammatory, hyperplastic or hamartomatous. In the treatment of the intestinal polyp, its potential for cancer and symptoms of the patient is the main consideration.
The formation of non-neoplastic types of polyps depends on the cause. Inflammatory polyps are formed due to recurring abrasion and ulceration, leading to cyclic damage and healing. For example, the polyp can form on the rectal mucosa to deteriorate the relaxation of the anorectal sphincter, leading to the so -called lonely ulcer syndrome. and delayed shedding epithelial cells. Hyperplastic polyps do not proceed to cancer.
The causes of hamartomatous polyps are mainly genetic or obtained. Hamartoma denotes a tumor similar to growth of ripe tissues located at a place where these tissues are usually located. When hamartomatous polyps occur with anotherEven symptoms cause what is called hamarmatous polyposis syndrome.
An example of hamartomatous polyposis syndrome is Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, where a person has intestinal polyps mainly in the small intestine, adenocarcinoma of the large intestine and skin macula. There is an increased risk for breast cancer, thyroid, lung, bladder, pancreatic and gonadal cancer. Another example is familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), autosomal disorder with mutation of adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), with at least 100 polyps present in the whole large intestine. The colon cancer develops patients who are left untreated.
neoplastic causes of polyp include carcinoid tumors, lymphomas, metastatic cancer, stromal tumors and colon adenomas. The most common and important neoplastic polyp is the adenoma of the large intestine because it serves as a precursor lesion in mostcases of colorectal adenocarcinomas or colorectal carcinoma. Colorectal adenomas occur in up to 50% of Western adults aged 50 years, and therefore colonoscopic screening is recommended within 50 years. When a person has a relative who had colon cancer at an early age, he should be done earlier.
Most colorectal adenomas are benign, but some people can already have invasive cancer when they are detected. Size is the most important factor associated with the risk of cancer. Colorectal adenomas of less than 0.4 inches (1 cm) are usually benign, but studies suggest that 40% of polyps larger than 1.6 inches (4 cm) in diameter are cancer.
Intestinal polyp treatment includes intestines or polyplary polyp, which uses electrocauterization. Patients with polyps who are either too large or numerous may require laparoscopic surgery. When the patient was diagnosed with genetic syndrome such as removal of FAP, colon and rectumis treatment. This is called prophylactic proCtocolectomy.