What is the lack of antithrombin III?
Antithrombin III deficiency is a rare disease that predisposes individuals to develop potentially serious blood clots. Genetic mutation disrupts the body's ability to create functional enzymes of antithrombin III, which play an essential role in the prevention of coagulation. Without treatment, a severe deficiency may lead to life -threatening clots in the lungs, hearts or elsewhere in the body. Most cases of antithrombin III deficiency can be effectively mastered by daily doses of drugs to stretch blood.
normally there is a careful balance of enzymes in the bloodstream; Enzymes such as thrombin and factor X prevent too much blood and chemicals, such as antithrombin III and heparin, prevent blood strengthening. In case of lack of antithrombin III, coagulation enzymes are prosperous and the risk of precipitation is high. In the first type of genetimutation C, the body's ability to produce new antithrombins worsens. In the second type, there are approximately normal levels of enzyme, but does not work properly.
Many people who inherit a shortageAntithrombin III, never experience disorders of clotting or other health problems. Symptoms are most likely to arise around 30 years, although it is possible to experience clots much sooner or later in life. The risk of clots increases in people who smoke or suffer from high blood pressure, high cholesterol and obesity.
Blood clot can cause different symptoms depending on its place and size. Deep venous thrombosis in one of the legs is the most common place for a clot in people with disorder and can cause swelling of the feet and pulsating pain. Other symptoms may include shortness of breath, dizziness, bloody cough and weakness of the whole body.
Most cases of antithrombin III are diagnosed before patients experience dangerous clots. Routine blood tests for other conditions may detect unusually low levels of antithrombin and increased activity of coagulation enzymes. GenetTesting can confirm that the patient actually carries a specific genetic mutation. Imaging tests such as ultrasound and echocardiographs are usually performed to test existing clots and check possible damage in the heart, liver, kidneys and other organs.
people who have shortcomings of antithrombin III but do not develop symptoms may not require treatment. Instead, doctors generally recommend that they participate in regular health checks to ensure that problems do not arise. If clotting occurs, patients are initiated by the daily regime of anticoagulant drugs such as warfarin, heparin or synthetic antithrombin. Surgery may be needed to break a large blood clot in an emergency.