What Is Cognition?

Cognition refers to the process by which people acquire knowledge or apply knowledge, or the process of information processing. This is the most basic psychological process of people . It includes feeling, perception, memory, thinking, imagination and language. The human brain accepts information input from the outside world, processes it through the brain, converts it into internal psychological activities, and then controls human behavior. This process is the process of information processing, that is, the cognitive process. ^[1]

Cognitive includes

Cognitive process

Also known as "cognitive process." (1) Traditionally refers to the cognitive process, which refers to the psychological process in which the human brain reflects the characteristics of objective things and their relationships in the form of perception, memory, and thinking. (2) The term of the Piaget School refers to the process of assimilating and adapting stimuli to the equilibrium through the original cognitive structure (schema). This is the point of view of structuralist cognitive psychology. (3) The terminology of cognitive psychology of information processing refers to the process by which individuals receive, encode, store, extract and use information. It usually consists of four components: perception system (receiving information), memory system (information coding, storage and retrieval), control system (supervising execution decision), and response system (control information output). ^[3]

H. Simon believes that there are three basic processes of human cognition: (1) Problem solving. Adopt heuristic, means-purpose analysis and planning process. (2) Pattern recognition capability. To establish a pattern of things, one must understand the relationship between the various elements. Such as equivalent relationship, continuous relationship, and so on. According to the relationship between the elements, a pattern can be constructed. (3) Learn. Learning is about taking information and storing it for later use. There are different forms of learning, such as discriminative learning, reading, comprehension, and example learning. ^[3]

Cognitive style

Cognitive style refers to the information processing method that individuals prefer to use, also known as cognitive style. For example: Some people like to discuss problems with others and get inspiration from others; some people like to think independently. Individual differences in cognitive style have a certain degree of stability, and a certain cognitive style shown in childhood may remain until adulthood. There are many ways of cognitive processing, including: field independence and field dependence, impulse and contemplation, simultaneity and succession. ^[1]

Cognitive cognition

Cognitive ability refers to the ability of the human brain to process, store, and extract information, which is the intelligence we generally talk about, such as observation, memory, and imagination. People know the objective world and obtain a variety of knowledge, which mainly depends on human cognitive ability. ^[1]

Cognitive strategy

Cognitive strategies are plans, programs, techniques, or tricks that guide cognitive activities. The information processing ability of the human brain is limited, and it is impossible to perform multiple operations in an instant. In order to smoothly process a large amount of information, people can only select specific information to operate at each moment according to a certain strategy, and the entire cognitive The numerous operations of the process are organized. Therefore, cognitive strategies are very important for the effective implementation of cognitive activities.