What is the neonatal anemia?
Anemia is a condition in which blood does not have enough red blood cells or hemoglobin or has a low volume. Neonatal anemia is defined as an anemia that occurs in an infant that is less than 28 days. In premature infants, anemia is often present at birth; In healthy infants, anemia may not be seen up to a week or two after birth. Several different factors can or contribute to the development of neonatal anemia. These causes are divided into three types: loss of blood, red blood cell destruction and insufficient red blood cell production, the most common cause of anemia in newborns is blood loss. In premature infants, blood loss and anemia are common after blood samples have been taken for laboratory testing. This happens because a premature child has such a small volume of blood that it is significantly reduced after blood. Loss of blood causing anemia can also result if a large amount of blood on the placenta is transferred from the fetus. This may happen if the newborn can do themwalls above the placenta during or after birth, because gravity causes the blood to move on the placenta.
The destruction of red blood cells or insufficient production of red blood cells may occur as a result of hereditary red blood cell disorder. Such disorders include hereditary spherecytosis, which increases the speed of red blood cell destruction, and the suppression of the bone marrow caused by infection, reducing the speed at which new red blood cells are formed. Insufficient production of red blood cells may also result in iron deficiency, but this type of anemia is relatively rare during the newborn period. Anemia caused by increased degrees of red blood cell destruction may arise from the incompatibility of the blood group between the mother and the child, from the infectionbo from hereditary blood disorders.
neonatal anemia can cause a wide range of symptoms depending on the cause and severity of the anemia. Symptoms may include paleSkin, abnormal heart rhythm or pulse, increased requirement for oxygen, difficult sleeping, lethargy, low blood pressure and poor feeding. In addition, newborns with anemia are threatened by jaundice, enlarged spleen and metabolic acidosis, which is a serious disorder that can be fatal.
The treatment of the newborn anemia also depends on the cause and severity. A strong case of anemia may require blood transfusion and a slight case of temporary anemia may not require treatment at all. In the case of premature children, anemia can be prevented or reduced by risks by reducing blood drawing for laboratory tests. If the neonatal anemia is a hereditary blood disorder, it must also be treated with the basic cause of anemia.