What is the pericardial tamponade?

Pericardial tamponade is an emergency medical condition in which the accumulation of fluids in the heart reduces the ability of the organ to expand and pump blood. The condition usually causes extreme, sudden chest pain and breathing problems that can eventually lead to fainting. Emergency physicians can perform a number of fine procedures to remove excess fluid from the heart and call on it to start drawing again. However, without immediate treatment, the pericardial tamponade is usually fatal. It consists of two layers, a hard outer layer and an inner mucosa that eliminates the pericardial fluid. In normal quantities, the fluid helps to distinguish the heart and reduce friction. However, when too much fluid is released, the heart chambers are compressed and cannot effectively pump blood throughout the body. The accumulation of fluids may be the result of bacterial or viral infections, blood clots, cancerous tumor or direct trauma on the chest.

Pericardial tamponade occurs quickly and proceeds with three phases. Chambers can still in the first phaseDraw blood, but the individual may begin to notice pain and tightness on the chest. The second phase involves a sharp decrease in cardiac output, leading to serious anxiety, difficulty of breathing and palpitation of the heart. The final phase leads to almost no heart expenditure, which can cause a person to lose consciousness, pale and stop breathing. Emergency care is required to quickly identify the pericardial tamponade and start treatment to stabilize the heart.

In the emergency room, doctors can serve oxygen and intravenous fluids to prevent heart failure. Once the vital symptoms are stable, specialists may decide to take an echocardiogram or chest X -ray to confirm excessive pericardial fluid in the heart. Doctors usually decide to drain the liquid by inserting long need directly into the heart and pull out the liquid with suction. If the heart after drainage of fluid does not continue normal functioning, mDifferent surgeons will perform an open heart to manually expand the space between two layers of pericardium. When treatment is administered immediately, most patients are able to survive pericardial tamponad.

patients are generally held in the hospital several days after treatment, so specialists can monitor their conditions and identify the basic causes of their heart problems. Other operations or medicines may be required to prevent future complications. Patients who remain stable are released and instructed to make changes to a healthy lifestyle, such as smoking and maintaining a low cholesterol diet.