What is the etiology of the pleural discharge?

Pleural discharge is a manifestation of several diseases and its most common symptom in clinical presentation is the difficulty of breathing. Other related symptoms and findings of physical examination specifically relate to the disease of the disease. For example, an individual with a heart failure, a common etiology of pleural discharge, may also occur with both difficulty breathing at night or lying, as well as progressive swelling of the lower limbs. The etiology of pleural discharge includes diseases such as liver cirrhosis, pulmonary embolism, nephrotic syndrome, superior obstruction vena cava, myxes, cancer and several infectious or autoimmune diseases. Pleural discharge can be induced occasionally from radiotherapy, iatrogenic damage to abdominal surgery or liver transplantation, lungs or hearts, or several drugs including nitrofurantoin, dantrolene, methyrgide, bromocriptin, procarbazine and amiodaron. outflow or exudative pleuRal discharge. Both are distinguished by measurement of protein levels and dehydrogenase lactate in pleural fluid. Transudative pleural discharge occurs when the physiological change in the formation and absorption of pleural fluid is caused by systemic factors such as increased hydrostatic pressure or reduced oncotic pressure. The exudative pleural discharge occurs when the physiological change in the formation and absorption of pleural fluid is caused by local factors such as pleura inflammation or reduced lymphatic drainage.

In many developed countries, the anterior etiology of the transudative pleural discharge of the heart failure of the left ventricle and the cirrhosis of the liver. Bacterial pneumonia, cancer, pulmonary embolism and viral infection are the leading etiologies of exudative pleural discharge. Although it is relatively unusual in developed countries, tuberculosis is the most common cause of exudative pleural discharge in many parts of the world. Most common cancer,which causes pleural effusion, lung cancer, breast cancer and lymphoma.

confirming diagnostic procedures and therapeutic treatment must be adapted to a specific etiology of pleural discharge. The aim of the therapeutic treatment is treatment, not if symptomatic relief. For example, in a patient assumed by pleural effusion, suspected of secondary tuberculosis, the diagnosis may be determined by high tubercular markers or positive culture in pleural fluid and treatment is combined therapy of isoniazide, rifampicin, pyrirazinamide and etambutol. In the secondary feast for cancer, diagnosis may be originally determined by cytology of pleural fluid. Treatment is for symptomatic relief only with therapeutic torramentity, because chemotherapy does not cure pleural effect.