What is an antagonistic medicine?
Most drugs affect their effects on the body through activities on receptors. The receptors are proteins that are usually placed on the cell surface. After establishing these receptors, medicines can create a cell response or prevent other compounds from using this receptor to do so. The antagonistic drug class falls into the second category and effectively ensures that the cell does not respond to activation compounds known as agonists, in its presence. These agonists may include other medicines or brain natural communication chemicals called neurotransmitters.
depending on the nature of the antagonistic drug can create their effects in different ways. Competitive antagonists bind to the same place at the receptor as agonists and prevent these agonists from custody. Another type, uncompetitive antagonists, will bind other parts of the receptor. Jakmile budou vázány, mohou snížit schopnost receptoru aktivovat nebo jim dokonce zabránit v aktivaciG vůbec, zatímco je přítomen antagonista. MostThe antagonists are reversible and eventually leave the body, but a small number of these substances is irreversible, causing permanent effects after their acceptance.
There are many medical uses for drug antagonists. One antagonistic drug group, beta blockers, preferably linked to the receptor places called beta adrenergic receptors. These receptors usually allow the neurotransmitter epinephrine to bind and cause cells to transmit electrochemical reports in the law known as shooting. Excessive epinephrine activity in these receptors is sometimes part of hypertension and other health conditions. Beta blockers by acting as an antagonist protect epinephrine from developing its effects, thereby alleviating the symptoms of hypertension.
Some mental illnesses may respond to antagonistic drug treatment. For example, it seems that schizophrenieb is associated with abnormal activities of the neurotransmitter dopamine. AntipsychoTical drugs sometimes act as dopamine antagonists and can alleviate some hallucinations and changed patterns of thought caused by this disorder. However, not all symptoms of schizophrenia can be treated with an antagonistic remedy.
Another function of receptor antagonists is the treatment of overdose with a medicine. Opioid painkillers can cause coma or death in large doses, but this effect can be reversed by opioid antagonists such as naloxone. Naloxone competitions with opioids for receptor space and prevents these medicines from working properly after administration. Overdose with benzodiazepine can sometimes be treated in a similar way with another medicine that competitively binds the same receptor known as Flumazenil.