What is Psychoanalytic Therapy?

Psychoanalytic therapy is a special psychotherapy technique created by the famous Austrian psychiatrist Sigmund Freud, which can be applied to some mental illnesses and help people solve certain psychological behavior problems. It is based on the subconscious theory.

Psychoanalytic treatment

Psychoanalytic therapy is a special psychotherapy technique created by the famous Austrian psychiatrist Sigmund Freud, which can be applied to some mental illnesses and help people solve certain psychological behavior problems. It is based on the subconscious theory.

Chinese name

Psychoanalytic treatment

Foreign name

Psychoanalytic therapy

Related people

The principle of psychoanalytic treatment is: discover the contradictions or pathogenic complexes in the subconscious of patients or patients, bring them to the consciousness area, make the patients understand it, and correct or eliminate it under the guidance of realistic principles , And establish a correct and healthy psychological structure, so that the condition can be cured.

Techniques of Psychoanalytic Therapy: When Freud first collaborated with Josef Breuer (1842-1925), he mainly used hypnosis and psychotropic methods to treat patients with snoring or neurosis. Later, he thought that the hypnosis treatment was not ideal, and often he could not completely solve the subconscious symptoms of the patient, and he easily relapsed. He later gave up the hypnosis treatment and used "

In addition, through clinical practice,

Psychoanalysis is also called dynamic psychotherapy because it pays attention to and emphasizes the interactive relationship in the process of analysis. Therefore, for anything that happens in the treatment room and during the treatment, we must first assume that it makes sense, including the layout of the treatment room, the angle of the seat, the appointment of the treatment time, the length of each treatment time, and Whether the therapist and patient are late or absent. Usually relatively strict treatment settings are required, including:

Time schedule: 50-60 minutes for each treatment, short-course treatment once a week, medium- and long-term treatment can be 2 to 3 times a week;

Setting of treatment course: Short course treatment is usually about 20 times, intermediate course treatment is about 50 to 60 times, and long course treatment is generally not at the beginning stage to determine the end of treatment. The duration of treatment depends on the patient's problem and the speed of treatment progress. ;

The layout of the treatment room: Like the general psychotherapy room, the room should be relatively quiet, comfortable and dignified. What makes sense for analyzing the treatment process is not what kind of standard the room should be arranged to, but the changes that occur during the analysis (such as the patient sitting on the chair that the treatment room should be) or the patient's reaction to things in the room;

Charges: Any form of psychological treatment should be charged, because the charges themselves define the working relationship between the patient and the therapist in a certain sense, and the patient's attitude and expression of treatment payment also have dynamic significance in the treatment. .

For patients with early or improved schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, paranoid psychosis, etc., selecting some appropriate cases for psychoanalysis can also help as an adjunct treatment. However, during the onset of this type of psychosis, psychotropic drugs and physical therapy (such as electric shock) should still be the mainstay, and psychoanalysis or other psychological treatment cannot be used alone. In the onset of this type of severe mental illness, the principles of psychoanalysis are used to explain or analyze their various psychotic symptoms, which can greatly help their pathological mechanism and differential diagnosis, but it cannot be used as a main treatment method. The indiscriminate attempt to use psychoanalysis alone to treat such severe mental patients has proven ineffective. Even for patients with early schizophrenia, antipsychotics (such as chlorpromazine, Telden, haloperidol, etc.) should be the mainstay when performing psychoanalytic treatment, so as not to delay the best time and make their condition Continue to develop and even fall into a chronic state of decline. Because in the final analysis, serious diseases such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and paranoid psychosis belong to the scope of endogenous psychiatric diseases. The main cause of their onset is often related to genetic genes and biochemical metabolic disorders in the brain. The past psychological trauma and the actual psychological contradiction can only play a evoking role rather than a decisive factor. So psychoanalytic therapy is not a panacea. It has certain indications and cannot be abused at will.

As a psychoanalyst, you must have the following conditions or qualifications: (1) First, you must be a regular psychiatrist (a college or university specialty) to be able to clearly identify and diagnose different types of schizophrenia and neurosis. For mental illness, serious mental illness such as early schizophrenia is not mistaken for mild mental disorder such as neurosis. (2) The psychoanalyst doctor must undergo formal psychoanalytic training, including the instructor to conduct a strict psychoanalysis on himself, thoroughly solve the problems existing with his subconscious, and under the guidance of the patient for a certain period of clinical practice. Formally trained analysts abroad have at least 400 hours of self-experience, and usually a qualified senior analyst does the job. The reason why analysts need to be analyzed is because when patients present their symptoms, pain, and problems to the analyst, it will affect the personal experience and emotional response of the analyst. In the process of analysis, if the analyst is too involved in personal emotions or even expresses his attitudes and emotions in a restrained manner, it is not good for solving the patients' problems. Without these two conditions, it is difficult to perform a qualified psychoanalysis on the patient, and it is more difficult to deal with the positive, negative empathy (or countertransference) and impedance issues that occur during the psychoanalysis process.

Some "extraordinary" situations have occurred in some regions of the country: if you are a comrade who is not a psychiatrist, after reading Freud's and other scholars' work on psychoanalysis, you rashly treat patients with psychoanalysis, including brain This includes patients with mental disorders associated with tumors and encephalitis, which is obviously extremely inappropriate. Other comrades did not undergo formal training in psychoanalysis, and the phenomenon of "anti-transference" occurred during the process of psychoanalysis (that is, the analysis doctor transferred unresolved emotional problems or contradictory complexes in his subconscious mind to the treated patients ) Should also attract people's attention and vigilance.