What is the protein of Bence Jones?

Bence Jones protein is a substance found in the urine of people with multiple myeloma, a disease where blood cells in the bone marrow become malignant or cancer. Bence Jones may also be found in urine in conjunction with some other blood cancer. The protein was named after the English doctor who discovered it, Henry Bence Jones. There are different B-lymphocyte lines, each producing its own specific type of immunoglobulin, which is involved in the defense of the body against foreign substances such as bacteria. If the B-lymphocyte line becomes malignant, the number of cells usually occurs and a large number of immunoglobulins can be seen .NS and two light chains. It is a light chain that, when it is separated from the rest of the immunoglobulin, form the protein Bence Jones. In multiple myeloma, the malignant B-lymphocyte lines create a large amount of its specific type of immunoglobulin that can be measured in the blood. At the same time, a lot of light chains of immunoglobulin can be detected in the urine, each of which is a Bence protein JoNES, and this is useful in the diagnosis of the disease.

Multiple myeloma is the most common of the cancer associated with bone marrow and is more common in men and elderly. Symptoms of bone loss and pain occur and fractures may occur. Because the kidneys must be excreted a large amount of Bence Jones protein, sometimes the kidneys may fail. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy can be used to treat the disease and the view depends on the severity of the disease, but the worst cases can survive for up to three years with treatment.

Protein

Bence Jones is also found in urine in a disease known as Waldenström's macroglobulinemia. Here, as with multiple myeloma, there is a malignant change in one of the B-lymphocytes lines and excess lymphocytes are formed together with corresponding immunoglobulins. There are different symptoms of multiple myeloma, in that kidney failure and bone loss are less common while orgAnd the liver and spleen can be enlarged. Treatment is usually given only when patients develop symptoms and usually include the use of chemotherapy and other drugs. This disease most often affects older and on average people with this disease survive for about seven or eight years.