What is myelin cloak?
Myelin sheath is a layer of fat and protein that covers axon of neuron or nerve cells. Axon, which is a long, thin projection, is designed to transmit electrical signals from neuron to other cells. The purpose of the housing is to insulate the axon so that electricity does not lose when it travels along the road. It also helps to speed up the speed at which the electrical signal is handed over; Myelinated nerve fibers transmit much faster than those that are unnatated. The moster plays a decisive role in ensuring that the nervous system works properly. In the brain and spinal cord, gli cells are called oligodendrocytes and each supports more neurons. Gli cells in the peripheral nervous system are called Schwann cells and each supports a single neuron.
The process that forms myelin cloak for allneurons is called myelinogenesis. In human beings it begins while they are still in the uterus. Then continues for many years, with different parts of the nervous system developing myelin in růthe time of the times and in a particular sequence. The four main phases of myelinogenesis are contact of axons, producing gli -cell genes, anchoring axons and ripening.
Some diseases can lead to neurons with missing or damaged myelin chips. These types of disorders fall into two categories: dysmyelining and demyelining. Dysmyelinization diseases, also known as leukodystrophy, are usually genetic disorders that inhibit the development of myelin cloak at the beginning of life, leading to gradually more weakening symptoms and even death. Demyelinization diseases destroy existing myelin vagina, leading to various neurological disorders; The most common example of this type of disease is multiple sclerosis. Symptoms of demyelinating diseases may vary from one patient to another and may include anesthesia or weakness in different parts of the body, injury or speech or balance problems.
Due to the beginningMany scientists are engaged in the study of remyelinization. This is the process of re -cultivation of myelin pockets on nerve cells that have been damaged or inhibited. It is one of the objectives of the Myelin project, an international organization created for research on dysmyelining and demyelinization diseases.