What Is the Tensor Fasciae Latae?

It is located in the anterior and lateral side of the upper thigh, starting from the anterior superior iliac spine, and the muscular abdomen is wrapped between the two layers of the broad fascia.

It is located in the anterior and lateral side of the upper thigh, starting from the anterior superior iliac spine, and the muscular abdomen is wrapped between the two layers of the broad fascia.

Role: Tension the broad fascia and flex the thighs.

Clinical significance: Because the latissimus fasciae is superficial in position, there is a constant distribution of vascular nerves, and there is compensation for gluteal muscles after stealing. It has little effect on function. body.

Chinese name

Fascia lata

Foreign name

tensor fasciae latae

Location

Located on the front of the upper thigh

Function

Tensing the broad fascia and flexing the hip joint

The study of latissimus fascia lata muscles

1. The blood in the fascia lata musculocutaneous flap is mainly supplied by the ascending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery (76.74%). The second is that the ascending branch and the transverse branch share 23.26%. In most cases, the ascending branch can be used as the vascular pedicle of the myocutaneous flap transplantation, and a few can use the transverse branch.

2.The body surface projection of the lateral circumflex femoral artery.The average vertical length from the anterior superior spine to the spine is 96.5 millimeters, and the average point at this point is 49.2 mm horizontally inward. Sign.

3. According to the initial situation of the lateral femoral circumflex artery branch, it is divided into four types, of which 43 cases were type I (74.42%); 3 cases were type 11 (6.95%); type 111 and type IV There were 7 cases (16.28%) and 1 case (2.33%).

4.Distribution of the lateral femoral circumflex artery in the fascia lata muscle: This muscle is mainly supplied by the ascending branch, which is divided into the upper and lower branches, the ascending branch is short, and the descending branch is slightly thick and long. It branches to the subcutaneous tissue and skin, forming a rich anastomosis. When the flap is transplanted, the descending branch can be retained, which is very beneficial for cosmetic surgery.

5. The included angle of the ascending branch muscle formed by the terminal part of the ascending branch and the medial side of the fascia lata muscle is an average of 6.5 degrees, with a range of 44 to 112 degrees. During anastomosis of the blood vessels during surgery, the original angle of the donor site should be maintained to facilitate the survival of the myocutaneous flap after transplantation.

Transplantation of the fascia lata wide muscle belt

The method of internal fixation of pedicle bone flap and screw nail is mainly suitable for the treatment of younger, unstable and fresh and old femoral neck fractures. Various methods are widely used, and the clinical report of the fascia lata pedicled bone flap is few.

The modified Smith-Petersen incision in this group of patients has the advantages of simple operation, convenient bone cutting and complete surgical operation in the same incision. The blood supply to the musculoskeletal flap is constant and exact. Anatomy confirms that the blood supply of the broad fascia tensalis muscle is mainly from the ascending, lateral, and descending branches of the lateral femoral artery, and the ascending branch enters the diaphragm through the starting point of the muscle. Obvious bleeding was seen in most of the sacral sections in this group. The latissimus fasciatusus muscle played only an auxiliary role in hip and lower limb movement and stability. Gouging and transfer have no significant effect on the weight of the lower limbs. Because of the above three points, this surgical method can be popularized.
High fracture healing rates reduce the incidence of ischemic necrosis of the femoral head and collapse of the weight-bearing area of the late femoral head. Due to the particularity of the blood supply to the femoral head, the main source of blood supply is likely to be blocked at the time of a fracture, which affects fracture healing, and the possibility of ischemic necrosis and collapse of the femoral head may occur. Especially in unstable and obsolete femoral neck fractures, the emptiness of the neck is often lost due to comminuted fractures, and the femoral head is rotated and tilted, making the fractures and internal fixation unstable. In view of the above two factors that are not conducive to treatment, using the fascia lata pedicled bone flap transplantation method can fill the bone defect of the femoral neck, increase the stability of the fracture end, and increase the blood flow of the femoral head. result. The efficacy of this group has confirmed that the method of latissimus fasciae pedicled bone flap transplantation can be used as the first choice for patients with unstable, obsolete and younger femoral neck fractures.
The following issues should be noticed during the entire treatment process: (1) During the operation, it is necessary to understand the vascular bundle supplying the muscle to avoid the injury and affect the starting point and blood flow in the sacrum. Prevents vasospasm and embolism caused by traction and distortion during transposition. Be gentle. (2) Whether the transposition bone flap is firmly fixed is the key to this operation. During the operation, upper threaded nails are often used to tighten the bone flap and suturing the pedicle fascia bundle to the joint capsule to block the muscle biomechanical conductive stretch. It is believed that the bone flap is fixed during the operation, and the functional exercise of the affected limb should be performed as soon as possible after traction. (3) Postoperative crutches are completely weight-bearing, and it is considered appropriate to heal the fracture for 1 year.