What is biotechnology?
Biotechnology refers to the use of organisms or the substances they have created to modify or improve the environment in which we live. It is often used in medicine as well as food sciences and agriculture. Although our understanding of biotechnology has progressed rapidly and remarkably in recent years, it has existed since prehistoric times, making it one of the oldest sciences. It can be considered as a development in biotechnology.
The long history of biotechnology has seen milestones as the realization that fermentation of fruit juice could be made in wine and that yeast cells caused the growth of bread dough. Modern biotechnology has led to the development of life -saving drugs and other progress that is changing, hopefully the better, the way we live our lives. One of the most famous and advantageous developments in newer history was discovered penicillin in 1928 Alexander Fleming.
PRAbout our time, biotechnology has four main types of applications. The first is health care, and this is often what comes to mind first when most people think of biotechnology. The main part is the production and testing of new drugs, as well as developing fields such as gene therapy, which is the use of genetic material to treat and treat the disease at the cellular level. Studies that are conducted to determine how genetic make -up affects their reaction to drugs, forms the area of pharmacogenomics.
Biotechnology has also found numerous applications in agriculture. One of the most promising benefits for agriculture was to increase crop yields through genetic engineering and transplantation. These methods can also improve the nutritional content of food as well as the taste and texture of food products. Plants can even be designed to be more resistant to pathogens and predatory insects. This can reduce the need for pesticides that are generally assumed that food is safer to consumeACI, and also reduce its production.
Even industrial sectors unrelated health care and agriculture can benefit from biotechnology. Some organisms can be created and adapted to restore or regenerate the environment that has been contaminated. Waste products and pollutants can be removed and divided by these engineering organisms. The marine environment can benefit especially from this branch of biotechnology, because of many human dangers they can be exposed.