What is Fracking?

hydraulic cleavage or cleavage is an industrial process that can make more productive drilling of oil or gas. Water and other chemicals are usually pumped by the type of well that changes horizontally deep below the ground. Explosives and fluid strength often cause a rock near a rupture and fractures. Natural gas or oil underground and a well can flow into these cracks and then usually force themselves to obtain pipes, trucks and other equipment. Up to 1 million gallons (about 3.8 million liters) can be used in one operation, to achieve depths of several thousand feet underground.

With water and chemicals, sand is often pumped into a well. Usually helps keep the cracks open as soon as the cleavage takes place. Ceramic beads are sometimes used for this purpose; You, like sand, breaks the well and into the surrounding rock. Fractures can also be created by forcing gas, such as nitrogen or propane, to Tobře. Sometimes the hydrochloric acid is used to dissolve rocks to make every gasor the liquid could get into the well and flow to the surface.

Most of the liquid drawn underground returns to the surface and is often stored in waste tanks or open pits. Studies suggest that some of them remain ground, so regional regulatory agencies often monitor the use of cleavage to determine whether groundwater can be contaminated during natural gas mining. The chemicals used are sometimes able to break mud and cement before the fluid injection, while other substances thin the liquid so that they can flow freely into fractures.

For methane gas extraction, bacteria of chemical killing are often used so that organisms are not contaminating well. Bacteria can produce gases such as hydrogen sulphide that can disrupt the cleavage operation. Other substances control the acidity of the injection fluid, stabilize the clay and prevent corrosion in the hole, instruments and tanks. The chemicals PR also often usedTo allow quarry fluid to hold more sand and bring it to fractures, as well as to reduce friction and prevent particles from blocking the system.

During cleavage, different types of devices are used. Gas drilling operations of gas usually require many trucks; Some sites use up to 200 tanker cars to supply water. The mixture of sand and chemicals is usually added to a well with a pumper trolley, while the natural gas flowing from the well is stored in large tanks on the spot and then taking the truck to the nearby pipeline.