What Is Fracking?

In the field of petroleum, fracturing refers to a method for forming fractures in oil and gas layers by using hydraulic action during oil or gas production, also known as hydraulic fracturing. Fracturing is to artificially cause fractures in the formation, improve the flow environment of oil in the ground, and increase the production of oil wells. It can play an important role in improving the bottom hole flow conditions of oil wells, slowing down the interlayers, and improving the utilization of oil layers.

After the production of oil wells reaches a certain stage, the productivity and permeability decrease. In order to enhance oil drainage capacity and increase oil well production, people have invented fracturing technology. Fracturing methods are divided into two types: hydraulic fracturing and high-energy gas fracturing. Hydraulic fracturing is the injection of fluid into a well at high speed by the ground high-pressure pump truck unit, and the high pressure rising from the bottom of the well causes fractures of the reservoir rock. In order to prevent the pressure drop after the pump truck stops working, the fracture closes itself. Injected liquid after the formation is broken is mixed with sand that is several times larger than the formation density, enters the fracture with the fluid, and stays in the fracture forever. The crack is in an open state, which improves the oil flow environment for a long time. At present, hydraulic fracturing technology is very mature, and the effect of increasing oil production is obvious, and it has already become the common technology preferred by people. Especially for the oil flow channel is very small, that is, the permeability of the oil layer with lower permeability is more prominent. ^[1]

Any fracturing design plan must be implemented and guaranteed by appropriate fracturing process technology. Fracturing technology is mainly used for wells that are contaminated or blocked in large oil and gas wells, and wells that cannot or cannot be injected with water. For different characteristics

Fracturing fluid is an important part of fracturing technology. The main function is to create seams and transport proppants along open cracks, so the viscosity of the liquid is critical. Successful fracturing operations require fluids to be able to quickly break apart from gels in addition to having a high viscosity in the fractures; be able to return quickly after the operation; be able to well control fluid loss; low friction during pumping; It's also economically viable. common

It means that through the resin layer covered on the surface, the obvious cracks in the outer layer or layers of reinforcing material of the laminated plastic can be seen.