What is a tumor necrosis factor?

Tumor necrosis (TNF) is a family of small proteins that are used to signal cells throughout the body. The family consists of two proteins labeled TNF-A and TNF-P. TNF-A is the most studied of two proteins and is commonly referred to as a "tumor necrosis factor". Proteins are involved in the control of cellular death and inflammation in the body. Dysregulation TNF can lead to a number of diseases, including cancer. TNF works by binding and activating the receptor of the factor of the necrosis (TNF-R), which is located on the cell surface. The TNF-R activation then induces the biological signal in the cell to form a range of cellular reactions. Specifically, when TNF binds to TNF-R, it indicates an increase in inflammation in the surroundings and can also instruct the cell to undergo programmed cell death. The babies in the body are closely regulated to monitor the amount of cellular death and inflammation that occurs at the moment.

The binding of factors of necrosis of the tumor to their receptors can be deregulated in the body, leading to a number of diseases. Specifically, the TNF was associated with Crohn's disease - a disorder where the large intestine is constantly inflamed. Crohn's patients have a more active TNF signaling on cells in their large intestine, causing permanent inflammation in the colon and causing Crohn's disease. Many Crohn's diseases are prescribed drugs called inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor, which reduce active TNF levels in the colon and therefore reduce inflammation to reduce the symptoms of the disease.

Tumor necrosis factor is also involved in several forms of cancer, such as breast cancer and stomach cancer that occurs when cells that are expected to submit to cell death are not done. In this sense, TNF is fighting cancer because it triggers cellular death potentially cancer cells. On the other hand, it is known that inflammation plays a role in the progression of cancer, where permanent inflammation promotes tumor growth. Therefore,Although some features of Cancer TNF struggle by inducing cellular death, other features of TNF signaling contribute to cancer by supporting inflammation.

Due to this dual role of TNF in cancer, the overall effects of the factor of tumor necrosis as cancer treatment were subject to a debate in cancer research. This has led to the development of a number of therapeutics designed to maintain the role of TNF fighting against cancer, which reduces its inflammatory effect. To this end, scientists have developed TNF forms that cause cancer cells with low inflammation. In addition, scientists have found that TNF cocktails in combination with other therapeutics lead a crops of cancer without inflammation. Finally, this research will allow doctors to provide adapted treatment with factors of cancer necrosis to patients with cancer to induce tumor remission.